Vehículos Autónomos y Equilibrio Reflectivo Amplio Colectivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2023.1.44388Palabras clave:
Vehículos autónomos, Inteligencia Artificial, Incertidumbre moral, Normatividad, Equilibrio reflexivoResumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la necesidad de contar con normas morales para orientar los vehículos autónomos (AVs) y proponer un procedimiento de equilibrio reflexivo (ER) para tal fin. Teniendo esto en cuenta, comienzo con una investigación sobre el desacuerdo moral para averiguar cómo debemos decidir en casos de incertidumbre, argumentando que debemos utilizar un procedimiento que reúna diferentes criterios normativos. Posteriormente, presento una interesante ruta de investigación, que es el método de equilibrio reflexivo colectivo en la práctica (CREP) propuesto por Savulescu, Gyngell y Kahane (2021), que corrige los resultados del experimento de la Máquina Moral y propone principios de política pública para regular los AV. El siguiente paso es analizar el procedimiento de equilibrio reflexivo (ER), identificando sus características básicas de consistencia, reflexividad, holismo y progresividad. A continuación señalo los límites de la CREP, porque deja fuera el criterio normativo de las virtudes y no forma un sistema de creencias coherente suficientemente amplio. Finalmente, presento la sugerencia del amplio equilibrio reflexivo colectivo (CWRE) para considerar la pluralidad normativa que es la base de nuestra sociedad y propongo una metodología para identificar el estándar moral para las AV.
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