Representaciones mentales o neurales: una justificación de la terminología utilizada en neurociencia cognitiva

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2020.2.35387

Palabras clave:

representación neural, representación mental, neurociencia cognitiva, Wittgenstein

Resumen

En este artículo investigamos si uno de los usos más comunes del concepto de representación es justificable al sugerir las condiciones bajo las cuales puede aceptarse y cómo puede relacionarse con los estados mentales. Caracterizamos los estados mentales en términos de experiencias privadas y eventos públicos. Argumentamos que una representación es una relación que involucra tres elementos principales además del usuario de la representación, y defendemos que las condiciones en las que podemos concebir la actividad neuronal como representativa se establecen contextualmente, a partir de la observación de una correlación entre eventos públicos y patrones de actividad neural. Nuestro objetivo es demostrar que la actividad neuronal puede considerarse tanto representativa como no representativa (más bien constitutiva), dependiendo de si estamos considerando eventos públicos bajo la perspectiva del observador, o si estamos considerando experiencias privadas bajo la perspectiva subjetiva.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Fabiana Mesquita Carvalho, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo.

Post-Doctoral Researcher — University of Sao Paulo — FFLCH, USP.

Nara M. Figueiredo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP.

Post-Doctoral Researcher - University of Campinas. UNICAMP. This is my current affiliation. This work was developed while Dr. Fabiana and I were both researchers in the philosophy department of the University of São Paulo - USP, under the supervision of Prof. Osvaldo Pessoa. We would like to thank the department and the fundamental support of Prof. Osvaldo.

Citas

BAR ON, D. Speaking my Mind. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199276285.001.0001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199276285.001.0001

CARLSON T. A; RITCHIE J. B.; KRIEGESKORTE, N.; DURVASULA, S.; MA, J. Reaction time for object categorization is predicted by representational distance. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Cambridge, Mass., v. 26, n. 1, 1, p.132–142, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00476

CHAREST I.; KRIEGESKORTE, N. The brain of the beholder: honouring individual representational idiosyncrasies, Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, [s. l.], v. 30, n. 4, 367- 379, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2014.1002505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2014.1002505

CICHY R. M.; PANTAZIS, D.; OLIVA, A. Resolving human object recognition in space and time. Nature Neuroscience, London, v. 17, p. 455-462, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3635. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3635

CLARK A. Predicting peace: An End to the Representation Wars. In: METZINGER, T.; M. Windt, J. Open Mind. 7.th ed. Frankfurt am Main: MIND Group, 2015. p. 1-7.

CLARK A. Busting out: predictive brains, embodied minds, and the puzzle of the evidentiary veil. Noûs, 2016. Disponível em: doi: 10.1111/nous.12140. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/nous.12140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nous.12140

DECHARMS, R. C.; & ZADOR, A. Neural representation and the cortical code. Annual review of neuroscience, Palo Alto, Calif., US, v. 23, n. 1, 613-647, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.613. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.613

DENNETT, D. Content and consciousness. London: Routledge, 1969.

FIGUEIREDO, N. M. The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms. Discurso, São Paulo, v. 49, n. 1, p. 185-203, 2019. Disponível em: doi.org/10.11606/issn.2318-8863. discurso.2019.159310. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2020. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2318-8863.discurso.2019.159310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2318-8863.discurso.2019.159310

FODOR, J. The Language of Thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1975.

HAXBY, J. V. et al. Distributed and overlapping representations of faces and objects in ventral temporal cortex. Science, New York, v. 293, p. 2425–2430, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1063736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1063736

HORIKAWA, T.; KAMITANI, Y. Generic decoding of seen and imagined objects using hierarchical visual features. Nature Communications, v. 8, Article number: 15037, p. 1-15, 2017. Disponível em: doi: 10.1038/ncomms15037. Acesso em: 02 Mar. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15037. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15037

KAMITANI, Y.; TONG, F. Decoding the visual and subjective contents of the human brain. Nature Neuroscience, London, v. 8, p. 679-685, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1444

KANDEL E. R.; SQUIRE, L. R. Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers to the study of brain and mind. Science, New York, v. 290, p. 1113–1120, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5494.1113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5494.1113

KRIEGESKORTE, N.; KIEVIT, R. A. Representational geometry: integrating cognition, computation, and the brain. Trends Cognitive Science, [s. l.], v. 17, p. 401–12, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.007

QUIROGA, R. Q.; PANZERI, S. Principles of neural coding. [s. l.], CRC Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1201/b14756. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/b14756

SHAPIRO, L. Embodied cognition. [S. l.]: Routledge, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203850664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203850664

SHEA, N. Neural mechanisms of decision-making and the personal level. In: FULFORD, K. W. M.; DAVIES, M.; GIPPS, R. G. T.; GRAHAM, G.; SADLER, J. Z. G.; THORNTON, T. (Ed). The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry. Oxford: Oxford university press, 2013a. p. 1063-1082. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0062. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0062

SHEA, N. Naturalising representational content. Philosophy Compass, [S. l.], v. 8, n. 5, 496–509, 2013b. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12033. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12033

SLEZAK, P. The tripartite model of representation. Philosophical Psychology, Abingdon, v. 15, n. 3, p. 239-270, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951508021000006085. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0951508021000006085

WITTGENSTEIN, L. Philosophical Investigations. Trad. G. E. M. Anscombe, P. M. S. Hacker and Joaquim Shulte. Oxford,UK: Wiley Blackwell, 2009.

Descargas

Publicado

2020-07-15

Cómo citar

Carvalho, F. M., & Figueiredo, N. M. (2020). Representaciones mentales o neurales: una justificación de la terminología utilizada en neurociencia cognitiva. Veritas (Porto Alegre), 65(2), e35387. https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2020.2.35387

Número

Sección

Varia