Veículos Autônomos e Equilíbrio Reflexivo Amplo Coletivo

Denis  Coitinho

doi:10.15448/1984-6746.2023.1.44388

Autores

Denis Coitinho Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-5590

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2023.1.44388

Palavras-chave:

Veículos autônomos, Inteligência Artificial, Incerteza moral, Normatividade, Equilíbrio Reflexivo

Resumo

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre a necessidade de contarmos com padrões morais para orientar os veículos autônomos (VAs) e propor o procedimento do equilíbrio reflexivo (ER) para tal fim. Com isso em mente, inicio com uma investigação sobre o desacordo moral para saber como devemos decidir em casos de incerteza, argumentando que devemos fazer uso de um procedimento que congregue diferentes critérios normativos. Após, apresento uma rota interessante de investigação, que é o método de equilíbrio reflexivo coletivo na prática (CREP) como proposto por Savulescu, Gyngell e Kahane (2021), que corrige os resultados do experimento Moral Machine e propõe princípios de uma política pública para regular os VAs. O próximo passo é analisar o procedimento do ER, identificando suas características básicas de consistência, reflexividade, holismo e progressividade. Com isso, será possível na sequência apontar os limites do CREP, em razão dele deixar de fora o critério normativo das virtudes e não formar um sistema coerente de crenças amplo o suficiente. Por fim, apresento a sugestão do equilíbrio reflexivo amplo coletivo (ERAC) de forma a dar conta da pluralidade normativa que é base de nossa sociedade e propor uma metodologia para identificar o padrão moral para os VAs.

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Biografia do Autor

Denis Coitinho, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil.

Doutor em Filosofia pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos). Bolsista produtividade do CNPq.

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