Estudio comparativo del perfil de idosos atendidos en un hospital terciario: ambulatorio de psiquiatría geriátrica y unidad de internation psiquiatrica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2019.2.34069Palabras clave:
Envejecimiento, Psiquiatría, Depresión, Ansiedad.Resumen
OBJETIVOS: Verificar el perfil de ancianos y sus principales diagnósticos en el ambulatorio de psiquiatría geriátrica y unidad de internación psiquiátrica
de un hospital terciario. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de base poblacional realizado en un hospital terciario de referencia, con individuos con edad ≥55 años atendidos en el ambulatorio de psiquiatría geriátrica y en la internación psiquiátrica, en el período de 2014 a 2018. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevista. Las variables estudiadas fueron sociodemográficas y aspectos clínicos. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 497 individuos, de estos 269 procedentes del ambulatorio de psiquiatría y 228 de la internación psiquiátrica. El promedio de edad fue de 69,34±8,87 años. La mayoría de los pacientes eran del sexo femenino (75,8%), no tenían compañero (56,3%), tenían la enseñanza fundamental (50,3%), residían en Porto Alegre (75,6%) y eran jubilados 66,5%). De acuerdo con las variables clínicas estudiadas, el 89,6% de los individuos poseía alguna morbilidad, el 36,9% ya habían sido internados en ala psiquiátrica, el diagnóstico más encontrado fue de depresión (40,8%), seguido de trastorno del humor bipolar (19%) y ansiedad (14,1%). CONCLUSIONES: Con el envejecimiento poblacional se espera el aumento de las morbilidades y de los trastornos mentales, exigiendo herramientas diagnósticas más específicas y mejores abordajes de tratamiento. No hay datos consistentes sobre el manejo de los trastornos del humor en los ancianos, por lo que nuestro estudio puede guiar una mejor atención a los ancianos e individuos que están envejeciendo, mejorando la planificación de los servicios y políticas de salud.
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