The drug leaflet and its language: a study on the linguistic structures of genre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-4301.2015.2.20401Keywords:
Passive Constructions, Textual Genre, Linguistic Functionalism.Abstract
This article presents a study of passive constructions in drug leaflets produced in Brazil, considering the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic complexity of the Portuguese language in use, especially the efforts of their producers to meet the new requirements of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), regulations standardized in 2009, which require, among other things, the use of a clearer and more objective language, ensuring that readers have access to safe and adequate information for the rational use of drugs. The objective of this research is to analyze the language used in the drug leaflet genre, attempting specifically to identify and discuss: a) the different language structures in the text of the selected leaflets; b) if and when agent deletion strategies are adopted. It was taken as an assumption that, in more formal and nonfiction texts, as it is the case of the drug leaflet genre, the use of passive structures would be more frequent, with the deletion of the agent motivated by the easy retrieval of information made by people, based on their general pragmatic knowledge. The theoretical framework used starts with a historical overview with reflections on the traditional approach, moving to the formalistic approach to language, and adopting as reference the Linguistic Functionalism of Givón (1979, 1984, 1995), Shibatani (1985) and Furtado da Cunha (2000), as well as contributions from Textual Linguistics for the analysis of the genre. The corpus for the research was selected from the texts of leaflets collected digitally in the electronic list of drug leaflets made available in the ANVISA website as well as collected physically in drug packages found at home or in drugstores. We have decided to analyze the text of leaflets of the most common drugs in Brazil, taking as a standard those mentioned in the health website and listed for sale in popular drugstores, selected randomly among the best known and most easily found in Brazilian homes, with priority being given, in this study, to the leaflets designed to be read by patients, i.e., the lay public.
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