Discurso-cognição-sociedade: estado atual e perspectivas da abordagem sociocognitiva do discurso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-4301.2016.s.23189Palabras clave:
Análise crítica do discurso, Abordagem sociocognitiva, Modelos mentais, Modelos contextuais, Conhecimento, Atitudes, Ideologia.Resumen
Este artigo apresenta o estado da arte da abordagem sociocognitiva nos Estudos do Discurso. A teoria relaciona estruturas do discurso com interação social e estrutura social por meio de uma interface sociocognitiva, baseada no argumento de que estruturas discursivas e estruturas sociais diferem quanto à natureza e não podem ser diretamente relacionadas. A teoria cognitiva consiste, por um lado, de uma dimensão pessoal de modelos mentais pessoais (i) dos eventos sobre os quais se fala ou se escreve, e (ii) da própria situação comunicativa (modelos contextuais), e por outro de uma dimensão social que consiste de crenças, conhecimento, atitudes e ideologias socialmente compartilhadas – que controlam os modelos mentais pessoais, e indiretamente todo discurso. Dessa forma, somos capazes de descrever explicitamente como os discursos estão envolvidos na reprodução de problemas sociais como o racismo e o sexismo. Além disso, a análise cognitiva também descreve e explica vários aspectos do próprio discurso, tais como todas as estruturas discursivas baseadas no conhecimento (coerência semântica local e global, evidências etc.) e na ideologia (a polarização de diferentes estruturas discursivas relacionadas a Nós [endogrupo] e Eles [exogrupo]).
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