La hipótesis comunicación-lenguaje para la evolución de la conciencia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2024.1.46080Palabras clave:
Representaciones, Cognición, Lenguaje, Conciencia, EvoluciónResumen
El presente artículo aborda el problema funcional de la conciencia, que se refiere a la cuestión de por qué evolucionó y si es relevante para los organismos. La hipótesis defendida es que la conciencia tiene una función comunicativa capaz de reclutar la memoria de trabajo, especialmente sus subcomponentes especializados en el lenguaje, y el sistema cognitivo-computacional, que tiene en su núcleo una estructura sintáctica, para codificar simbólicamente información implícita en el organismo. A los organismos que poseen estos recursos se les confirió una ventaja adaptativa, ya que estos organismos viven en una organización socialmente interdependiente y, así, fueron capaces de comunicar sus estados internos e implícitos a otros organismos, como el estado de sus cuerpos, sus intenciones, sus planes y características ambientales con más complejidad y precisión que la comunicación conductual no simbólica. La metodología tiene dos fases, primero un abordaje teórico-conceptual basado en varios modelos explicativos teórico-experimentales, en el que se compararon diferentes definiciones teórico-conceptuales del origen de la conciencia. Más tarde, los modelos filogenéticos de estudios comparativos proporcionaron conocimientos válidos sobre la conciencia en animales humanos y no humanos. El objetivo general es postular una definición conceptual de conciencia. Los resultados sugirieron las condiciones necesarias para el surgimiento de la conciencia en relación con la memoria de trabajo, la atención, las representaciones de orden superior y el lenguaje. La conclusión es que este trabajo se limita a una fase preliminar de lluvia de ideas, en la que, tras sufrir ajustes críticos, tal vez esta hipótesis pueda probarse experimentalmente.
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