The countercultural meaning of the episkópoi and diakónoi in Philippians 1,1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/0103-314X.2021.1.40870Keywords:
Paul, Episkopos, Diakonos, Countercultural, Roman colonyAbstract
The presence of episcopos and diakonos in the greeting of the letter to the Philippians is strange within the other Pauline letters. There is no consensus among scholars on this. The author proposes a countercultural reading of both terms, in coherence with others, also important in Pauline theology. Especially considering that Philippi is a Roman colony steeped in imperial ideology. Visitors to new colonies (episkopoi) and servants (diakonoi) were collectives known to readers, but Paul intends to subvert the scheme, even presenting himself as a “slave”.
Downloads
References
BENOIT, Pierre. Les Épîtres de Saint Paul aux Philippiens, à Philémon, aux Colossiens, aux Ephésiens (BJ fasc.). 2. ed. Paris: CERF, 1953.
BEST, Ernest. Bishops and Deacons: Philipppians 1,1. In: CROSS, F. L. Studia Evangelica 4. Papers presented to the Third International congress on New Testament studies held at Christ Church, Oxford 1965. Part I: The New Testament Scriptures. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1968. p. 374-376.
BEYER, Herman W. διακονέω. In: KITTEL, Gerhard; FRIEDRICH, Gerhard; BROMILEY; Geoffrey W. (ed.). Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964. v. 2. p. 81-93.
BEYER, Herman W. ἐπισκέπτομαι. In: KITTEL, Gerhard; FRIEDRICH, Gerhard; BROMILEY; Geoffrey W. (ed.). Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964. v. 2. p. 599-622.
BURNET, Régis. Epîtres et lettres. Ier-IIe siècle: De Paul de Tarse à Polycarpe de Smyrne. Paris: CERF, 2003.
COMBLIN, José. Filipenses. Buenos Aires: La Aurora, 1988.
DE LA SERNA, Eduardo. Aproximación a la teología paulina. Theologica Xaveriana, Bogotá, v. 58, n. 165, p. 51-85, ene./jun. 2008.
DOOLE, J. Andrew. Was Timothy in Prison with Paul? New Testament Studies, Cambridge, v. 65, n. 1, p. 59-77, jan. 2019.
ERHENSPERGER, Kathy. The Politeuma in the Heavens and the Construction of Collective identity in Philippians. Journal of the Jesus Movement in Its Jewish Setting, Jerusalem – Oslo – Chicago, v. 6, p. 22-45, 2019.
FABRIS, Rinaldo. Lettera ai Filippesi. Lettera a Filemone. Bologna: EDB, 2000.
FEE, Gordon D. Comentario de la Epístola a los Filipenses. Barcelona: CLIE, 2004.
FEE, Gordon D. Paul’s letter to the Philippians. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
FOCANT, Camille. La carta a los Filipenses. Salamanca: Sígueme, 2016.
FRIEDRICH, Gerhard. Filipenses. In: CONZELMANN, Hans; FRIEDRICH, Gerhard. Epístolas de la cautividad: Texto y comentario. Madrid: FAX, 1972. p. 91-171.
GNILKA, Joachim. Der Philipperbrief. 4. ed. Freiburg: Herder, 1987.
KOPERSKI, Viktoria. Textlinguistics and the Integrity of Philippians: A Critique of Wolfgang Schenk’s Arguments for a Compilation Hypothesis. Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses, Louvain, v. 68, n. 4, p. 331-367, dic. 1992.
MACDONALD, Margaret Y. Las comunidades paulinas: Estudio socio-histórico de la institucionalización en los escritos paulinos y deuteropaulinos. Salamanca: Sígueme, 1994.
O’BRIEN, Peter T. Commentary on Philippians. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991.
ORTIZ, Pedro. Filipenses. Quetzaltenango. Guatemala: Universidad Francisco Marroquín, 2008.
REUMANN, John. Philippians: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.
SCHNELLE, Udo. Apostle Paul: His Life and Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2005.
SCHRENK, Wolfgang. Der Philipperbrief oder die Philipperbriefe des Paulus? Eine Antwort an V. Koperski. Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses, Louvain, v. 70, n. 1, p. 122-131, abr. 1994.
SCHRENK, Wolfgang. Die Philipperbriefe des Paulus: Kommentar. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1984.
SKEAT, Theodore Cressy. Did Paul write to ‘Bishops and Deacons’ at Philippi? A Note on Philippians 1:1. Novum Testamentum, Leiden, v. 37, p. 12-15, 1995.
SULLIVAN, M. Kathryn. A los Filipenses, Efesios, Colosenses y Filemón. Santander: Sal Terrae 1966.
WITHERINGTON III, Ben. Paul’s Letter to thePhilippians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011.
WOJTKOWIAK, Heiko. Christologie und ethik im Philipperbrief: Studien zu Handlungsorientierung einer frühchristlichen Gemeinde in paganer Umwelt. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2012.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Teocomunicação
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
