Concomitância de alterações cromossômicas numéricas com estruturais em idoso com doença de Alzheimer: relato de caso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.34464Palavras-chave:
Cromossomos autossômicos, cromossomo X, citogenética.Resumo
AIMS: To report the first case the concomitance of numerical chromosomal abnormalities with structural as well as chromosomal abnormalities structural in a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease in Manaus/Amazonas.
CASE DESCRIPTION: A male patient with 76 years of age was diagnosed with diagnosis of cognitive disorder- Alzheimer’s disease with late onset - temporal variant after laboratory, physical and imaging exams. Cytogenetic analysis was requested for this patient, revealing the presence the concomitant of numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities with metaphase cells composed of 45 chromosomes with the loss of one of the homologues of chromosome 21 (monosomy) and a deletion of the long arm of one of the homologues of chromosome 1 [45, XY, -21, del (1) (q?)] and metaphase cells containing 46 chromosomes with a deletion of the long arm of one of the homologues of chromosome 15 [(46, XY, del (15) (q?)]. Currently, the patient is in outpatient treatment for maintenance and control of the disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study has underlined that karyotyping is one of the fundamental investigations for patients with Alzheimer’s disease. It highlighted, in the form of a chromosomal abnormality, may have been the risk factor in Alzheimer’s disease.
***Concomitância de alterações cromossômicas numéricas com estruturais em idoso com doença de Alzheimer: relato de caso***
OBJETIVOS: Relatar o primeiro caso de concomitância de anormalidade cromossômica numérica com anormalidade cromossômica estruturais em um paciente diagnosticado com doença de Alzheimer em Manaus/Amazonas
DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Um paciente do sexo masculino com 76 anos de idade foi diagnosticado com distúrbio cognitivo - doença de Alzheimer com início tardio - variante temporal, após exames laboratoriais, físicos e de imagem. Análises citogenéticas foi solicitado para esse paciente, revelando a presença concomitante de anormalidades cromossômicas numéricas e estruturais com células metafásicas compostas por 45 cromossomos, com a perda de um dos homólogos do cromossomo 21 (monossomia) e a deleção do braço longo de um dos homólogos do cromossomo 1 [45, XY, -21, del (1) (q?)] e células metafásicas contendo 46 cromossomos apresentando deleção no braço longo de um dos homólogos do cromossomo 15 [(46, XY, del (15) (q?)] Atualmente, o paciente encontra-se em tratamento ambulatorial para manutenção e controle da doença.
CONCLUSÕES: Nosso estudo revelam que a cariotipagem é uma das investigações fundamentais para pacientes com doença de Alzheimer. A anormalidade cromossômicas pode ter sido o fator de risco para a doença de Alzheimer.
Downloads
Referências
Morley JE, Farr AS, Nguyen AD. Alzheimer Disease. Clin Geriatr Med. 2018;34(4):591-601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2018.06.006
Barranco-Quintana L, Allam F, Del Castillo S, Navajas F. Risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Rev Neurol. 2005;40(10):613-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00146
Sochocka M, Zwolińska K, Leszek J. The infectious etiology of alzheimer’s disease. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2017;15(7):996-1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666170313122937
Ashraf GM, Tarasov VV, Makhmutovа A, Chubarev VN, Avila-Rodriguez M, Bachurin SO, Aliev G. The possibility of an infectious etiology of alzheimer disease. Mol Neurobiol. 2019;56(6):4479-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1388-y
Ahmad MH, Fatima M, Mondal AC. Influence of microglia and astrocyte activation in the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: rational insights for the therapeutic approaches. J Clin Neurosc. 2018;59:6-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.034
Bettens K, Sleegers K, and Broeckhoven CV. Genetic insights in Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet. 2013;12(1):92-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70259-4
Ward BE, Cook RH, Robinson A, Austin JH. Increased aneuploidy in Alzheimer disease. Am J Med Genet A. 1979;3(2):137-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320030204
White BJ, Crandall C, Goudsmit J, Morrow CH, Alling DW, Gajdusek DC. Cytogenetic studies of familial and sporadic Alzheimer disease. Am J Med Genet A. 1981;10(1):77-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320100110
Buckton KE, Whalley LJ, Lee M, Christie JE. Chromosome changes in Alzheimer’s presenile dementia. J Med Genet. 1983;20(1):46-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.20.1.46
Iourov IY, Vorsanova SG, Liehr T, Yurov YB. Aneuploidy in the normal, Alzheimer’s disease and ataxia-telangiectasia brain: differential expression and pathological meaning. Neurobiol Dis. 2009;34(2):212-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2009.01.003
Yurov YB, Vorsanova SG, Liehr T, Kolotii AD, Iourov IY. X chromosome aneuploidy in the Alzheimer’s disease brain. Mol Cytogenet. 2014;7(1):7-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-8166-7-20
Truzzi A, Laks J. Doença de Alzheimer esporádica de início precoce. Rev Psiq Clin. 2005;32(1):43-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832005000100006
Nordensson I, Beckman G, Adolfsson R, Bucht G, Winblad B. Cytogenetic changes in patients with senile dementia. Age Ageing. 1983;12(4):285 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/12.4.285
Masarweh M. Chromosome 3q29 deletion with gastrointestinal malformation: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2011;5(5):285-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-5-285
Jhang KM, Chang TM, Chen M, Liu CS. Generalized epilepsy in a patient with mosaic Turner syndrome: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2014;2(8):109-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-8-109
Smith MAC. Doença de Alzheimer. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 1999;21(2):1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44461999000600003
Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, De Stafano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45(12):1452-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.2802
Karch CM, Ezerskiy LA, Bertelsen S; Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) Goate AM. Alzheimer’s disease risk polymorphisms regulate gene expression in the ZCWPW1 and the CELF1 loci. PLoS One. 2016;11(2):e0148717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148717
Geller LN, Potter H. Chromosome missegregation and trisomy 21 mosaicism in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 1999;6(3):167-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/nbdi.1999.0236
Bajic VP, Spremo-Potparevic B, Zivkovic L, Bonda DJ, Siedlak SL, Casadesus G, Lee HG, Smith MA. The X-chromosome instability phenotype in Alzheimer’s disease: A clinical sign of accelerating aging? Med Hypotheses. 2009;73(6):917-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2009.06.046
Bajic V, Mandusic V, Stefanova E, Bozovic A, Davidovic R, Zivkovic L, Cabarkapa A, Spremo-Potparevic B. Skewed X-chromosome inactivation in women affected by Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;43(4):1251-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-141674
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2019 Scientia Medica
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.