Sepsis: current aspects <b>[Abstract in English]</b>

Abstract

Aims: This review aims to discuss the epidemiology, the pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis criteria and treatment in adult population. Source of data: A search in PubMed/Medline was made, including sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock, as the key words. Summary of findings: Sepsis results from a complex interaction between the microorganism and the immune, pro and anti-inflammatory response and coagulation activation cascade of the host. The host response and the characteristics of the casual agent are the main pathophysiologic variables of the syndrome. The approach of the sepsis patients has suffered profound changes in the last decade, mainly after the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, with the standardization of management of these patients. The recommend treatment for these patients included a vigorous initial resuscitation, identification of the infectious agent, antibiotics, source control and hemodynamic support for all patients. Corticosteroid therapy, transfusion, and recombinant activated protein C should be used in selected cases. Conclusions: Sepsis is the complex response of the host to the invading microorganism. Its treatment consists in source control, and the support of hemodynamics and organ function.