Alterations in antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and nitrite levels in type 2 diabetes

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2024.1.45632

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress., nitrites

Abstract

Background: this case-control study delves into oxidative and antioxidant markers, including Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation, and nitrites, alongside glucose levels in individuals with hyperglycemia due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to their healthy counterparts. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of glucose on these variables. Methods: twenty patients diagnosed with T2DM and hyperglycemia were included, along with a control group of 20 healthy subjects (Control Group – CG). Glucose levels, as well as oxidative markers (malondialdehyde and nitrites) and antioxidants, were assessed in the blood plasma of each participant. To ascertain statistically significant differences between the studied variables across groups, Student t-test or Mann–Whitney tests were employed. Pearson’s Linear Correlation test was utilized to evaluate associations between the variables. Results: glucose and TAC levels exhibited significant elevation in the T2DM group compared to the CG. In T2DM patients, malondialdehyde and nitrites demonstrated reduced levels (1.83±0.84 µM/L and 29.5±16.6 µmol/L, respectively) in contrast to the CG (4.00±1.11 µM/L and 82.9±29.2 µmol/L, respectively), with both parameters showing a robust positive correlation (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: individuals with diabetes manifest alterations in the redox state, characterized by diminished lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels, suggesting disruptions in the constitutive pathway for nitric oxide production. This underscores the intricate interplay between oxidative stress, antioxidants, and glucose metabolism.

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Author Biographies

Juliene do Nascimento Sousa da Silva, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Medical Student at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, MA, Imperatriz, Brazil.

Lívio Melo Barbosa, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil. Academic member of the Brazilian College of Surgeons.

Eric Mariano da Silva , Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

Gustavo Hugo de Souza Faria, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Medical student at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

Kaio Klaywer Sousa da Silva, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Medical Student at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

Guilherme de Oliveira Araújo, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Medical Student at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

Sandro Percário, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.

PhD in Sciences from the Federal University of São Paulo (USP), in São Paulo, SP, Brazil; post-doctorate at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in Atlanta, USA; master in Morphology at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Professor at the Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) at Federal University of Pará (UFPA), in Belém, PA, Brazil. Coordinates the Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory at ICB/UFPA, in Belém, PA, Brazil.

Ana Lígia Barros Marques , Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Ph.D. in Biotechnology from the Northeast Biotechnology Network-RENORBIO, in São Luís, MA, Brazil; graduated in medicine from the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in São Luís, MA, Brazil; specialist certified by the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Professor of the Medicine Course at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

Michelli Erica Souza Ferreira, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil.

Ph.D. in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), in Belém, PA, Brazil; degree in Pharmacy-Biochemistry Belém, PA, Brazil; master in Pharmaceutical Sciences, in Belém, PA, Brazil. Professor of the medical course at Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil. Coordinator of the Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Research Laboratory-LaFIT and leader of the research group Physiopathology and Therapeutic Research-UFMA, in Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.

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2024-11-25

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do Nascimento Sousa da Silva, J., Melo Barbosa, L., da Silva , E. M., de Souza Faria, G. H., Klaywer Sousa da Silva, K., de Oliveira Araújo, G., … Souza Ferreira, M. E. (2024). Alterations in antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and nitrite levels in type 2 diabetes. Scientia Medica, 34(1), e45632. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2024.1.45632

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Vol. 34 No. 1 (2024): Single Volume

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Copyright (c) 2024 Juliene do Nascimento Sousa da Silva, Lívio Melo Barbosa, Eric Mariano da Silva , Gustavo Hugo de Souza Faria, Kaio Klaywer Sousa da Silva, Guilherme de Oliveira Araújo, Sandro Percário, Ana Lígia Barros Marques , Michelli Erica Souza Ferreira

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