Neonatal abstinence from cocaine, a case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2022.1.42602Keywords:
neonatal abstinence syndrome, cocaína, pediatricsAbstract
Objective: describing a case of an infant exposed to cocaine through breast milk and its clinical repercussions.
Case report: infant, one month and three days old, weighing 3,920g, came to the emergency room due to hypoactivity, sensory impairment and nose bleeding. Afebrile, irritated, tearful, no signs of ventilatory effort or active bleeding. Tests showed leukocytosis 13490/uL, mild metabolic acidosis, increased serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and enlarged coagulation tests. Other laboratory tests were normal. Toxicological screening revealed cocaine in the infant’s plasma. Toxicological Information Center, recommended monitorization, and clinical support. The patient was discharged from the intensive care unit to the ward five days after admission, with sensorium improvement and a follow-up with specialized teams.
Conclusions: prompt recognition of the neonatal abstinence syndrome allows for better management of it and high chances of recovery for patients. The differential diagnosis with septic condition can be of great importance in conditions like this one.
Downloads
References
Villarreal M, Belmonte V, Olivares JL, Abdala A. Trayectorias sanitarias de mujeres consumidoras de cocaína y/o cannabis durante el embarazo. Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo en La Pampa, Argentina. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba. 2020;77(2):79-85. https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n2.26838
D’Avila FB, Limberger RP, Fröehlich PE. Cocaine and crack cocaine abuse by pregnant or lactating mothers and analysis of its biomarkers in meconium and breast milk by LC–MS—A review. Clinical Biochemistry. 2016;49(13-14):1096-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.01.019
Acioli Neto ML, Santos MFS. Os Usos de Crack em um Contexto de Vulnerabilidade: Representações e Práticas Sociais entre Usuários. Psic: Teor e Pesq. 2016;32(3):e32326. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-3772e32326
Santos JF, Cavalcante CMB, Barbosa FT, Gitaí DLG, Duzzioni M, Tilelli CQ, et al. Maternal, fetal and neonatal consequences associated with the use of crack cocaine during the gestational period: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2018;298(3):487- 503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-018-4833-2.
Madruga CS, Laranjeira R, Caetano R, Pinsky I, Zaleski M, Ferri CP. Use of licit and illicit substances among adolescents in Brazil — A national survey. Addictive Behaviors. 2012;37:1171-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.05.008
Falsaperla R, Zaami S, Aguglia MG, Romano C, Suppiej A, Memo L. Neurophysiological monitoring in neonatal abstinence syndrome from cocaine. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2020;56(3):390-6. https://doi.org/10.4415/ann_20_03_18.
Kocherlakota P. Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2014;134(2):e547-61. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3524
Bauer CR, Langer JC, Shankaran S, Bada HS, Lester B, Wright LL, et al. Acute neonatal effects of cocaine exposure during pregnancy. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159(9):824-34. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.9.824.
Lamy S, Laqueille X, Thibaut F. [Consequences of tobacco, cocaine and cannabis consumption during pregnancy on the pregnancy itself, on the newborn and on child development: A review]. Encephale. 2015;41(Suppl 1):S13–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2014.08.012
Hudak ML, Tan RC, Committee on Drugs, Committee on Fetus and Newborn, American Academy of Pediatrics. Neonatal drug withdrawal. Pediatrics. 2012;129(2):e540-60. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3212.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Scientia Medica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright
The submission of originals to Scientia Medica implies the transfer by the authors of the right for publication. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. If the authors wish to include the same data into another publication, they must cite Scientia Medica as the site of original publication.
Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise specified, material published in this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which allows unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is correctly cited.