Relationships between physical activity, quality of life, and age in women attending social groups for the elderly
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2018.4.30301Keywords:
health of the elderly, aging, HRQOL, comorbidity, exercise.Abstract
AIMS: To analyze factors associated with physical activity levels among older women attending social groups for the elderly.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly women enrolled in the Municipal Social Development Foundation in the city of Tubarão, in south Brazil. Sociodemographic and health status variables were evaluated through questionnaires administered during interviews, and by anthropometric evaluation. The level of physical activity was assessed using the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment for older adults.
RESULTS: Out of 306 elderly women included in the study, 214 (69.9%) were defined as physically inactive and 92 (30.1%) were active. The proportion of physically active participants between 60-69 years of age was 52.2%, between 70-79 years was 40.2% and equal or more than 80 years was 7.6% (p = 0.011). No other sociodemographic or anthropometric characteristics were associated with physical activity. In the non-adjusted analysis there was association between physical activity and better quality of life, as well as with fewer diseases. There was a weak negative correlation between physical activity and number of diseases (correlation coefficient = 0.215) and a weak positive correlation between physical activity and quality of life scores (correlation coefficient = 0.284). In the adjusted analysis, physical activity remained as a protection factor for loss of quality of life: prevalence ratio = 0.88 (95% confidence interval = 0.81-0.96), p = 0.003.
CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that physical activity in elderly women was associated with better quality of life, even when adjusted for age.
Downloads
References
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248. New York: United Nations; 2017.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Ações Programáticas e Estratégicas. Atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa e envelhecimento / Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Ações Programáticas e Estratégicas, Área Técnica Saúde do Idoso. Brasília: Ministério da saúde; 2010.
Roncon J, Lima S, Pereira MG. Quality of Life, Psychological Morbidity and Family Stress in Elderly Residing in the Community. Psic Teor Pesq. 2015;31(1):87-96. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-37722015011637087096
Tavares DMS, Dias FA. Functional capacity, morbidities and quality of life of the elderly. Texto contexto - enferm. 2012;21(1):112-20. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072012000100013
The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med. 1995;41(10):1403-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
Bowling A, Gabriel Z, Dykes J, Dowding LM, Evans O, Fleissig A, Banister D, Sutton S. Let's ask them: a national survey of definitions of quality of life and its enhancement among people aged 65 and over. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2003;56(4):269-306. https://doi.org/10.2190/BF8G-5J8L-YTRF-6404
Virtuoso JF, Mazo GZ, Menezes EC, Cardoso AS, Dias RG, Balbé GP. Morbidity profile and the standard of access to health services for elderly practitioners of physical activities. Cienc Saude Coletiva. 2012;17(1):23-31. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000100005
Vagetti GC, Barbosa Filho VC, Moreira NB, Oliveira Vd, Mazzardo O, Campos Wd. Association between physical activity and quality of life in the elderly: a systematic review, 2000-2012. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2014;36(1):76-88. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0895
Toscano JJO, Oliveira ACC. Quality of life in elderly subjects with different levels of physical activity. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2009;15(3):169-73. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922009000300001
Lima Cabral R, Santos S, Barbosa Menezes K, Albuquerque A, Medeiros A. Social factors and the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly: a systematic review. Rev Enferm UFPE on line. 2013;7(5):1434-42.
American College of Sports Medicine, Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, Skinner JS. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(7):1510-30. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c
Dumith SC, Hallal PC, Reis RS, Kohl HW 3rd. Worldwide prevalence of physical inactivity and its association with human development index in 76 countries. Prev Med. 2011;53(1-2):24-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.02.017
Souza AM, Fillenbaum GG, Blay SL. Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity among older adults in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0117060. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117060
Oliveira AC, Oliveira NMD, Arantes PMM, Alencar MA. Quality of life in elderly people who practice physical activity - a systematic review. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2010;13(2):301-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-98232010000200014
The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med. 1998;46(12):1569-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00009-4
Chachamovich E, Trentini CM, Fleck MPA, Schmidt S, Power M. Desenvolvimento do instrumento WHOQOL-OLD. In: Fleck MPA organizador. A avaliação de qualidade de vida: guia para profissionais da saúde. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2008. p. 102-11.
Mazo GZ, Mota J, Benedetti TB, Barros MVG. Concurrent validity and reliability (Test-retest) of Modified Baecke Questionnaire for older adults. Rev Bras Ativ Fis Saude. 2001;6(1):5-11.
Bink B, Bonjer FH, Van Der Sluys H. Assessment of the Energy Expenditure by Indirect Time and Motion Study. In: Edang K, Andersen KL, Eds. Physical Activity in Health and Disease. Proceedings of the Bertoslos Symposium. Oslo University: Oslo; 1966; p. 207-14.
Sedentary Behaviour Research Network. Letter to the editor: standardized use of the terms "sedentary" and "sedentary behaviours". Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012;37(3):540-2. https://doi.org/10.1139/h2012-024
World Health Organization. Guidelines for controlling and monitoring the tobacco epidemic [Internet]. Geneva; 1998 [cited 2018 Sep 04]. Available from: http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42049/
Lipschitz DA. Screening for nutritional status in the elderly. Prim Care. 1994;21(1):55-67.
Callaway CW, Chumlea WC, Bouchard C, Himes, JH, Lohman TG, Martin AD, Mitchell CD, Mueller WH, Roche AF, Seefeldt VD. Circumferences. In: Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R, editors. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics Books; 1988. p. 39-54.
Pollock ML, Wilmore JH, Fox SM. Exercícios na saúde e na doença: Avaliação e prescrição para prevenção e reabilitação. Rio de Janeiro: Medsi; 1993.
American College Of Sports Medicine. Manual do ACSM para teste de esforço e prescrição de exercício. (5a. ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Revinter; 2000.
Tavares DMS, Bolina AF, Dias FA, Ferreira PCS, Haas VJ. Quality of life of elderly. Comparison between urban and rural areas. Invest Educ Enferm. 2014;32(3):401-13.
World Health Organization. Physical activity – Fact sheet [Internet]. Geneva; 2018 [updated 2018 Feb; cited 2018 Sep 04]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs385/en/
World Health Organization. Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. Global recommendations on physical activity for health [Internet]. Geneva; 2010 [cited 2018 Sep 04]. Available from: http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/9789241599979/en/
Silva LJ, Azevedo MR, Matsudo S, Lopes GS. Association between levels of physical activity and use of medication among older women. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(3):463-71. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012000300006
Maués CR, Paschoal SMP, Jaluul O, França CC, Jacob Filho W. Assessment of quality of life: comparison between elderly young and very old. Rev Bras Clin Med. 2010;8(5):405-10.
Antonini T, Castro L, Paz JA, Schwanke CHA, Gottlieb MGV, Bittencourt L, Ribeiro EE, Cruz IBM. Association study among physical activity level, cardiovascular risk and the apolipoprotein E polymorphism in elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2011; 14(1):27-37. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-98232011000100004
World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight – Fact sheet N°311 [Internet]. Geneva; 2018 [updated 2018 Feb; cited 2018 Sep 04]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
Pereira DS, Nogueira JAD, Silva CAB. Quality of life and the health status of elderly persons: a population-based study in the central sertão of Ceará. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2015;18(4):893-908. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2015.14123
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Scientia Medica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright
The submission of originals to Scientia Medica implies the transfer by the authors of the right for publication. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. If the authors wish to include the same data into another publication, they must cite Scientia Medica as the site of original publication.
Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise specified, material published in this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which allows unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is correctly cited.