Results of the first phase of the Sport and Health Program in Canela, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil: Evaluation of the nutritional profile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2017.4.28184Keywords:
health promotion, national health programs, primary prevention, child health, overweight, obesity.Abstract
AIMS: To present the results of the nutritional evaluation of children and adolescents, as part of a municipal program aimed at the health of schoolchildren.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between February and April 2017 evaluated the nutritional profile of preschool children and schoolchildren in the city of Canela, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Students from pre-school to the ninth grade of the municipal public schools attended by the Sport and Health Program in Canela were included. For nutritional evaluation, body mass and height were measured, and the nutritional status was classified according to the Z score for body mass index.
RESULTS: We evaluated 2691 preschoolers and schoolchildren, with 1408 (52.3%) males. The mean age was 9.63±3.1 years, the mean weight was 38.59±16.4 kg, the mean height was 139±18 cm and the mean body mass index was 18.9±4.3 kg/m2. Regarding nutritional status, 44 (1.7%) were classified as thinness, 1725 (64.1%) as eutrophic and 922 (34.2%) were overweight, being overweight 528 (19.6%), obesity 286 (10.6%) and severe obesity 108 (4%).
CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of students from public schools in the municipality of Canela were overweight or obese, which reinforces the need for programs to prevent and treat obesity in this population. The Sport and Health Program in Canela aims to put into practice strategies to encourage students to practice physical activity and healthy eating.
Downloads
References
Maricato E. Urbanismo na periferia do mundo globalizado: metrópoles brasileiras. São Paulo em Perspect. 2000;14(4):21-33. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-88392000000400004
Malta DC, Stopa SR, Iser BPM, Bernal RTI, Claro RM, Nardi ACF, et al. Risk and protective factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey in capitals of Brazil, Vigitel 2014. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2015;18:238-55. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500060021
World Health Organization. Growth reference data for 5-19 years [Internet]. Who Child Growth Standards. 2013. [cited 2017 May 01] Available from: http://www.who.int/growthref/en/
Weiss R, Dziura J, Burgert TS, Tamborlane WV, Taksali SE, Yeckel CW, Allen K, Lopes M, Savoye M, Morrison J, Sherwin RS, Caprio S. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(23):2362-74. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa031049
Baker JL, Olsen LW, Sorensen TI. Childhood body-mass index and the risk of coronary heart disease in adulthood. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(23):2329-37. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa072515
Morrison JA, Friedman LA, Gray-McGuire C. Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult cardiovascular disease 25 years later: the Princeton Lipid Research Clinics Follow-up Study. Pediatrics. 2007;120(2):340-5. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1699
World Health Organization. WHO AnthroPlus for personal computers manual: software for assessing growth of the world's children and adolescents. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85(9):660-7. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.07.043497
Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Cidades [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 2016. [cited 2017 May 23]. Available from: http://cidades.ibge.gov.br/xtras/perfil.php?codmun=430910
Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008 - 2009 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 2010. p. 130. [cited 2017 May 23] Available from: http://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv45419.pdf
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, PENSE 2015 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 2016. [cited 2017 May 23] Available from: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv97870.pdf
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Vigitel Brasil 2016 [Internet]. [cited 2017 May 23]. Available from: http://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2017/maio/12/Lancamento-resultados-2016.pdf
Vandevijvere S, Chow CC, Hall KD, Swinburn BA. Increased food energy supply as a major driver of the obesity epidemic: a global analysis. Bull World Heal Organ. 2015;93:446-56. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.150565
Juonala M, Magnussen CG, Berenson GS, Venn A, Burns TL, Sabin MA, Srinivasan SR, Daniels SR, Davis PH, Chen W, Sun C, Cheung M, Viikari JS, Dwyer T, Raitakari OT. Childhood adiposity, adult adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(20):1876-85. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1010112
Dobbs R, Sawers C, Thompson F, Manyika J, Woetzel J, Child P, McKenna S, Spatharou A. Overcoming obesity : An initial economic analysis. McKinsey Glob Inst. 2014;(Nov):1-106.
Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):766-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, Hu FB, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Kushner RF, Loria CM, Millen BE, Nonas CA, Pi-Sunyer FX, Stevens J, Stevens VJ, Wadden TA, Wolfe BM, Yanovski SZ, Jordan HS, Kendall KA, Lux LJ, Mentor-Marcel R, Morgan LC, Trisolini MG, Wnek J, Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, Bozkurt B, Brindis RG, Curtis LH, DeMets D, Hochman JS, Kovacs RJ, Ohman EM, Pressler SJ, Sellke FW, Shen WK, Smith SC Jr, Tomaselli GF; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; Obesity Society. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation. 2014;129(25 Suppl 2):S102-38. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee
Bahia L, Araújo DV. Impacto econômico da obesidade no Brasil. Rev Hosp Univ Pedro Ernesto. 2014;13(1):5. https://doi.org/10.12957/rhupe.2014.9793
González-Muniesa P, Mártinez-González MA, Hu FB, Després JP, Matsuzawa Y, Loos RJF, Moreno LA, Bray GA, Martinez JA. Obesity. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2017;3:17034. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.34
Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H, Shrewsbury VA, O'Malley C, Stolk RP, Summerbell CD. Interventions for treating obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(1):CD001872. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001872.pub2
van Hoek E, Feskens EJ, Bouwman LI, Janse AJ. Effective interventions in overweight or obese young children: systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Obes. 2014;10(6):448=60. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2013.0149
Zorba E, Cengiz T, Karacabey K. Exercise training improves body composition, blood lipid profile and serum insulin levels in obese children. J Sport Med Phys Fit. 2011;51(4):664-9.
Garcia-Hermoso A, Ramirez-Velez R, Ramirez-Campillo R, Peterson MD, Martinez-Vizcaino V. Concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in paediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sport Med. 2016; pii: bjsports-2016-096605. http://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096605
George K, Kristi K, Russell P. Exercise and BMI z-score in overweight and obese children and adolescents: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Evid Based Med. 2017;10(2):108-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12228