Prevalence of factors related to frailty and physical mobility in older people with heart disease
a cross-sectional study in an outpatient setting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2023.1.44836Keywords:
Eldery, Frailty, Cardiovascular Disease, Vulnerability, Functional PerformanceAbstract
Introduction: frailty is a multifactorial syndrome of biological, psychological, and social conditions that p redisposes the older people to a decline in functionality and greater susceptibility to vulnerability. Such a condition can be exacerbated in those presenting comorbidities, with cardiovascular diseases being particularly notable. Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of factors related to frailty and physical mobility, as well as the correlation between these indicators in elderly individuals in an outpatient setting.
Case material and methods: a cross-sectional study with an exploratory, descriptive, and quantitative approach evaluated a group of older individuals with chronic cardiovascular diseases of both sexes, aged ≥60 years, undergoing care at a cardiology outpatient clinic. Participants were categorized according to Fried’s physica’ frailty classification, and their physical mobility was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, muscular strength through handgrip strength (HGS), muscular quantity of calf muscles through calf circumference (CC), and multidimensional frailty with the Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-Funcional (IVCF-20). Prevalence was investigated through relative andabsolute frequency, and for correlation analyses, the Spearman test was employed.
Results: the median age of the sample was 73 years; 41 (61.2%) were frail, 17 (25.4%) pre-frail, and 9 (13.4%) non-frails. Concerning physical mobility, the frail group exhibited muscular weakness with HGS of 15.3 kgf (1.6 – 33.3) and a longer required time in the TUG test of 16.3s (8.8 – 50.0). There is evidence of a correlation between IVCF-20 and TUG (p= <0.001; r=0.580), as well as a negative correlation between HGS and TUG (p= <0.001; r= -0.434) and IVCF-20 and HGS (p= <0.001; r= -0.378).
Conclusion: there is a prevalence of physical frailty in elderly individuals with cardiovascular diseases undergoing outpatient care. Mobility measures are correlated with each other.
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