Ultra-processed food consumption and its association with nutritional, functional, and health characteristics in Brazilian elders

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2022.1.42968

Keywords:

aged, frail elderly, nutritional status, chronic disease, eating, industrialized foods

Abstract

Aims: to estimate the dietary energy contribution of ultra-processed foods and the association on nutritional dietary profile, nutritional status, chronic disease, and functional capacity of Brazilian elders. 
Methods: we performed an epidemiology cross-sectional study conducted with 332 participants (≥60 years old). Food consumption was measured by three 24-h food recall. Foods were classified according to NOVA classification as in natura/minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients, processed foods, and ultra-processed foods. Anthropometric variables were used to assess nutritional status, and scales of activities of daily living to assess functional capacity. Chronic diseases were self-reported. 
Results: the average daily consumption of energy was 2433,96 kcal, being 10.44% from ultra-processed foods. Elders with higher ultra-processed foods intake showed higher consumption of energy, added sugar, total and saturated fat, and fewer consumption of proteins, fibres, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, B6 vitamin e folate. Most participants were independent for functional capacity, overweight, and very high risk for cardiovascular disease, but no statistical significance was observed. No association was found between ultra-processed foods and nutritional dietary profile, nutritional status, chronic disease, and functional capacity. 
Conclusions: elders who had the highest ultra-processed foods consumption had lower diet quality, although no influences on nutritional status and health variables assessed were observed in this sample. 

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Author Biographies

Luciana Bronzi de Souza, Federal University of Goiás, Faculty of Nutrition (UFG/FANUT), Goiânia, GO, Brazil.

Doutora e mestre em Saúde Coletiva pela Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), em Botucatu, SP, Brasil. Nutricionista. Professora Adjunta da Faculdade de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FANUT/UFG), em Goiânia, GO, Brasil. 

Raquel Machado Schincaglia, University of Nevada (UNLV), School of Public Health, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America.

Doutora em Ciências da Saúde pela Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FM/UFG). Mestre em Nutrição e Saúde pela Faculdade de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FANUT/UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brasil. Nutricionista. Graduanda em Estatística pelo Instituto de Matemática e Estatística da Universidade Federal de Goiás (IME/UFG). Pós-doutoranda na Escola de Saúde Pública da Universidade de Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, Estados Unidos da América.

Rafael Aiello Bomfim, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Rafael Aiello Bomfim: Graduated in Dentistry, Master and Doctor in Social Dentistry from the Faculty of Dentistry of (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Post-Doctor at the Faculty of Public Health at the University of São Paulo (USP) and visiting researcher at the University College of London UCL, London, United Kingdom. Adjunct Professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (FAODO/UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

Larissa

Larissa Vaz-Gonçalves: Nutritionist, Specialist in Clinical Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition GANEP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Master in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás (FM/UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil. Doctoral Student at the School of Public Health at the University of Queensland's Faculty of Medicine, Australia.

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Published

2022-10-14

How to Cite

Souza, L. B. de, Schincaglia, R. M., Aiello Bomfim, R., & Vaz-Gonçalvez, L. (2022). Ultra-processed food consumption and its association with nutritional, functional, and health characteristics in Brazilian elders. PAJAR - Pan American Journal of Aging Research, 10(1), e42968. https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2022.1.42968

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Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): Single Number

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