Psychic economy of algorithms and platform laboratory: market, science and behavior modulation

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-3729.2019.3.33095

Keywords:

Algorithms. Plattform Laboratory. Subjectivity.

Abstract

The extensive and uninterrupted tracking of our online actions integrates the mechanism of an economic investment that employs data-driven human behavior modification strategies. In this context, we observe an increase of the technoscientific, economic and social interest in algorithmic processes based on the use of psychic and emotional information. This article aims to present insights on this Psychological Economics of Algorithms, emphasizing its disturbing laboratory dimension. Analyzing recent cases and aspects of digital platform architecture, we will show how the use of this data connects three layers: the economic one; the epistemological; and the behavioral management and control. We will note that the intersection of these layers make the boundaries between the laboratory and social life extremely blurred, which displays the troubled relations between science, technology and society in this emerging scenario.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Fernanda Glória Bruno, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro

Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da UFRJ.

Anna Carolina Franco Bentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro

Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da UFRJ.

Paulo Faltay, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro

Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da UFRJ.

References

ARENDT, Hannah. A condição humana. Rio de Janeiro: Forense Universitária, 1999.

BACHRACH, Yoram; KOSINSKI, Michal; GRAEPEL, Thore; KOHLI, Pushmeet, STILL WELL , David. Personality and patterns of Facebook usage. Proceedings of the 4th Annual ACM Web Science Conference. ACM, jun. 2012. Disponível em: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/personality-and-patterns-of-facebook-usage/. Acesso em: 17 mar. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380718.2380722

BENTES, Anna. A gestão algorítmica da atençã o: enganchar, conhecer e persuadir. In: POLIDO, Fabrício B. P.; ANJOS, Lucas Costa dos; BRANDÃO, Luiza C. C. (org.). Políticas, internet e sociedade. Belo Horizonte: IRIS, 2019.

BRUNO, Fernanda. Rastros digitais sob a perspectiva da teoria ator-rede. Revista FAMECOS (Online), Porto Alegre, v. 19, p. 681, 2012. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-3729.2012.3.12893

BRUNO, Fernanda. Máquinas de ver, modos de ser: vigilância, tecnologia, subjetividade. Porto Alegre: Sulina, 2013.

BRUNO, Fernanda. A economia psíquica dos algoritmos: quando o laboratório é o mundo. NEXO Jornal, Brasil, p. 1-3, 12 jun. 2018.

CADWALL ADR, Carole. ‘I made Steve Bannon’s psychological warfare tool’: meet the data war whistleblower. The Guardian. 18 mar. 2018. Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/data-war-whistleblower-christopher-wylie-faceook-nix-bannon-trump> Acesso em 17 de março de 2018. Acesso em: 27 mar. 2018.

CADWALL ADR, Carole; GRAHAM-HARRISON, Anne. Revealed: 50 million Facebook profiles harvested for Cambridge Analytica in major data breach. The Guardian. 17 mar. 2018. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election. Acesso em: 27 mar. 2018.

CALIMAN, Luciana. Os regimes da atenção na subjetividade contemporânea. Arq. bras. psicol., Rio de Janeiro, v. 64, n. 1, p. 02-17, abr., 2012.

CITTON, Yves. The ecology of attention. Malden: Polity Press, 2016.

CONCORDIA. Cambridge Analytica – The Power of Big Data and Psychographics. 2016. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8Dd5aVXLCc. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2018.

CRARY, Jonathan. 24/7 – Capitalismo e os fins do sono. São Paulo: Contraponto, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-106x/183-581

DAVENPORT, Thomas; BECK, John C. A economia da atenção. Rio de Janeiro: Campus, 2001.

DELEUZE, Gilles. Pos-Scriptum: Sobre as sociedades de controle. Conversações, 1972- 1990. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. 34, 1992.

EYAL, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-forming Products. Nova York: Portfolio/Penguin, 2014.

GERLITZ, Carolin; HELMOND, Anne. The like economy: Social buttons and the data-intensive web. New media & society, v. 15, n. 8, p. 1348-1365, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812472322

GOLDHABER, Michael H. The Attention Economy and the Net. First Monday, v. 2, n. 4, 07 abr. 1997. Disponível em: https://firstmonday.org/article/view/519/440. Acesso em: 15 dez. 2017.

GRASSEGGER, Hannes; KROGERUS , Mikael. Os dados que viraram o mundo de cabeça para baixo. Motherboard. 13 fev. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.vice.com/pt_br/article/8qk9yp/os-dados-que-viraram-o-mundo-de-cabeca-para-baixo. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2018. https://doi.org/10.17771/pucrio.acad.5117

INTRONA, Lucas. The Algorithmic choreography of the impressionable subject. In: SEYFERT, R.; ROBERGE, J. Algorithmic Cultures: essays on meaning, performance and new Technologies. Nova York: Routledge, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315658698

KOSINSKI, Michal; STILL WELl, David; GRAEPEL, Thore. Private traits and attributes are predictable from digital records of human behavior. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 110, n. 15, p. 5802-5805, abr. 2013. Disponível em: https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/110/15/5802.full.pdf. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1218772110

KRAMER, Adam D. I.; GUILL ORY, Jamie E.; HANCOCK, Jeffrey T. Experimental evidence of massive-scale emotional contagion through social networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, jun., 2014. Disponível em: http://www.pnas.org/content/111/24/8788.full. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320040111

LAZZARATO, Maurizio. Signos, máquinas, subjetividades. São Paulo; Helsinque: n. 1; Edições Sesc São Paulo, 2014.

LEVIN, Sam. Facebook told advertisers it can identify teens feeling ‘insecure’ and ‘worthless’. The Guardian, maio 2017. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/01/facebook-advertising-data-insecure-teens. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2018.

MCNEE, Sean M., RIEDLl, John; KONSTAN, Joseph A. Being Accurate Is Not Enough: How Accuracy Metrics Have Hurt Recommender Systems. CHI’06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1097-1101. ACM, 2006. Disponível em: http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1125659. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125659

LURY, Celia; DAY, Sophie. Algorithmic personalization as a mode of individuation. Theory, Culture & Society, v. 36, n. 2, p. 17-37, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276418818888

NADLER, Anthony; MCGUIGAN, Lee. An impulse to exploit: the behavioral turn in data-drive marketing. Critical Studies in Media Communication, out., 2017. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2017.1387279

PASQUINELLI, Mateo. Um diagrama do capitalismo cognitivo e da exploraçã o da inteligência social geral. 16 de março de 2010. Disponível em: http://matteopasquinelli.com/docs/Pasquinelli_PageRank.pdf. Acesso em: 10 abr. 2018.

PASQUINELLI, Mateo. Anomaly Detection: The Mathematization of the Abnormal in the Metadata Society, 2015. Disponível em:

https://www.academia.edu/10369819/Anomaly_Detection_The_Mathematization_of_the_Abnormal_in_the_Metadata_Society. Acesso em: 1 maio 2018.

REIGELUTH, Tyler. Why data is not enough: Digital traces as control of self and selfcontrol. Surveillance & Society, n. 12, v. 2, p. 243-354, 2014. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v12i2.4741

ROSE, Nikolas. Governing the soul: the shaping of the private self. Londres: Taylor & Francis/Routledge, 1990.

ROSEMBERG, Matthew; CONFESSORE, Nicholas; CADWALL ADR, Carole. How Trump Consultants Exploited the Facebook Data of Millions. The New York Times. 17 mar. 2018. Disponível em: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/17/us/politics/cambridge--analytica-trump-campaign.html. Acesso em: 27 mar. 2018.

ROUVROY, Antoinette; BERNS, Thomas. “Governamentalidade algorítmica e perspectivas de emancipação: o díspar como condição de individuação pela relação?”. Revista Eco-Pós (Online), v. 18, p. 36-56, 2015.

SEAVER, Nick. Captivating algorithms: recommender systems as traps. Journal of Material Culture, ago., 2018.

SEYFERT, Robert; ROBERGE, Jonathan. Algorithmic Cultures: essays on meaning, performance and new Technologies. Nova York: Routledge, 2016.

SRNICEK, Nick. Platform Capitalism. Malden: Polity Press, 2017

STANFORD PERSU ASIVE TECH LAB. Welcome to the lab. Página inicial. 2019. Disponível em: http://captology.stanford.edu/. Acesso em: 15 dez. /2017.

VEN, Ruben van de. Choose How You Feel; You Have Seven Options. Institute of network cultures, jan. 2017. Disponível em: http://networkcultures.org/longform/2017/01/25/choose-how-you-feel-you-have-seven-options/. Acesso em: 19 jun. 2018. https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0353-0219-6/10

WU, Tim. The attention merchants: the epic scramble to get inside our heads. Nova York: Knopf, 2016.

ZUBOFF, Shoshana. Secrets of Surveillance Capitalism. Frankfurter Allgemeine, 5 mar. 2016. Disponível em: http://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/the-digital-debate/shoshana-zuboff-secrets- of-surveillance-capitalism-14103616.html?printPagedArticle=-true#pageIndex_2. Acesso em: 4 abr. 2018. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i1/2.13238

ZUBOFF, Shoshana. Big Other: Capitalismo de vigilância e perspectivas para uma civilização de informação. In: BRUNO, Fernanda; CARDOSO, Bruno; KANASHIRO, Marta; GUILHON, Luciana; MELGAÇO, Lucas (org.). Tecnopolíticas da vigilância: perspectivas da margem. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2018. https://doi.org/10.11606/d.7.2007.tde-12062007-150511

ZUBOFF, Shoshana. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. Londres: Profile Books, 2019.

Published

2019-12-27

How to Cite

Bruno, F. G., Bentes, A. C. F., & Faltay, P. (2019). Psychic economy of algorithms and platform laboratory: market, science and behavior modulation. Revista FAMECOS, 26(3), e33095. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-3729.2019.3.33095

Issue

Section

Cyberculture