A técnica de ERP: investigando a assimetria sujeito-objeto na interface sintaxe-semântica com EEG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2015.3.18411Palabras clave:
Sintaxe-semântica, Linguística, Neurociência da Linguagem, EEG/ERPs, Metodologia Experimental.Resumen
Este trabalho trata da cronologia computacional no processamento de sentenças. Recentes pesquisas com potenciais bioelétricos relacionados a eventos (ERPs), usando frases com papéis temáticos invertidos sob a luz da Teoria da Ilusão Semântica, desafiam o pressuposto de que os processos sintático-semânticos estejam acoplados. Através de dois experimentos (voz ativa e passiva) testamos sentenças com papel temático invertido em três condições. Reestabelecemos uma correspondência direta entre modelos Sintaxe-Primeiro e o processamento de sentenças on-line, relacionando-os com recentes descobertas neurofisiológicas de que há duas vias de processamento, a via ventral, para palavras e itens coordenados e, a dorsal, para estruturas hierárquicas. Encontramos evidências em favor do modelo Sintaxe- Primeiro. Os potencias N400 e P600 parecem ser modulados pela assimetria sujeito-objeto, refletindo, respectivamente, a concatenação do argumento interno ao verbo e a integração do argumento externo.
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The ERP technique: investigating the assimetry subject-object in the syntax semantics interface with an EEG
Abstract: This paper is about the computational chronology of sentence processing. Using rolereverse sentences, recent ERPs studies, in light of Semantic Illusion Theory, have challenged the assumption that syntactic semantic processes are coupled. We ran two ERP experiments (active and passive voice) using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in role-reversed sentences in three conditions, trying to reestablish a direct correspondence between syntax-first models and on-line sentence processing and relating them to new neurophysiological findings of two processing pathways, a ventral and a dorsal, the first for words and coordinated items and the second for hierarchical structures. We found evidence in favor of a syntax-first account. The N400 and P600 appear to be modulated by the subject-object asymmetry, reflecting, respectively, the merge of the internal argument with the verb and, the integration of the external argument.
Keywords: Syntax-semantics; Linguistics; Neuroscience of Language; EEG/ERPs, Experimental Methodology
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