Teoria da crença no mundo justo e socialização legal: Perspectivas em estudos sobre crianças e adolescentes

Kendra J. Thomas; Aline Morais Mizutani Gomes; Herbert Rodrigues

doi:10.15448/1984-7289.2023.1.43012

Autores/as

Kendra J. Thomas Hope College (HC), Holland, MI, Estados Unidos. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-2909
Aline Morais Mizutani Gomes Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-8439
Herbert Rodrigues Missouri State University (MSU), Springfield, MO, Estados Unidos. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4987-1486

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2023.1.43012

Palabras clave:

Socialización legal, Teoría del mundo justo, Legitimidad, Autoridad, Niños y adolescentes

Resumen

En este artículo, presentamos una visión general de la Teoría del Mundo Justo y de la socialización legal, con el fi n de exponer un panorama de las perspectivas de los estudios y sus enfoques para comprender cómo los niños y adolescentes legitiman a las autoridades y dan sentido al cumplimiento de las normas desde la creencia en la justicia. El artículo presenta un análisis de la literatura dividido en tres partes: exposición de la socialización legal como campo de estudio que investiga la interiorización de las normas y reglas sociales, la for mación de confianza en las autoridades y el desarrollo de actitudes y comportamientos en relación con las leyes; presentación de los estudios sobre la Teoría del Mundo Justo cuyo fin es identificar los mecanismos por los cuales los individuos desarrollan nociones de justicia; y discusión sobre cómo las percepciones de la justicia pueden influir en las relaciones de los niños con las autoridades y movilizar diferentes actitudes hacia las normas y leyes. Con base en la evidencia presentada, concluimos que una alta creencia en un mundo justo aumenta el nivel de cooperación con las autoridades, ya que las personas están motivadas por expectativas de trato justo y esfuerzos recompensados.

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Biografía del autor/a

Kendra J. Thomas, Hope College (HC), Holland, MI, Estados Unidos.

Doutora em Psicologia Educacional com especialização em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento pela Ball State University, em Muncie, IN, EUA. Professora de Psicologia do Hope College (HC), em Holland, MI, Estados Unidos.

Aline Morais Mizutani Gomes, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Mestre em Psicologia Escolar pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Pesquisadora do Núcleo de Estudos da Violência (NEV-USP). Professora de Psicologia da Universidade Paulista (Unip), em São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Herbert Rodrigues, Missouri State University (MSU), Springfield, MO, Estados Unidos.

Doutor em Sociologia pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Professor de Sociologia da Missouri State University (MSU), em Springfield, MO, Estados Unidos.

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