Diabetes mellitus gestacional entre mulheres que acessam cuidados pré-natais no Centro Médico Federal Ebute Metta, sudoeste da Nigéria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2024.1.45010Palavras-chave:
critérios diagnósticos, diabetes gestacional, teste oral de tolerância à glicose, gestantes, rastreamento , tratamentoResumo
Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) em gestantes atendidas no Centro Médico Federal de Ebute Metta (FMCEB), Estado de Lagos, Nigéria. Materiais e métodos: estudo retrospectivo dos casos de diabetes mellitus gestacional atendidos na FMCEB Lagos. Duzentas e trinta e quatro gestantes com 24 semanas de gestação ou mais foram rastreadas para DMG entre os períodos de novembro de 2018 a novembro de 2019. Durante as consultas de pré-natal, todas as gestantes com 24 semanas de gestação ou mais que foram consideradas de risco após serem submetidas ao exame clínico preliminar receberam uma carga oral de glicose de 75g, usando o teste de tolerância oral à glicose padronizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. DMG foi diagnosticada se a glicose plasmática de duas horas fosse ≥140 mg/dl. Resultados: a prevalência de DMG entre as gestantes foi de 44 (18,8%) e a média de idade dessas mulheres foi 34,5±7,3 anos, com idades variando de 20 a 50 anos. A faixa etária de 35-39 anos apresentou a maior prevalência de DMG entre as pacientes estudadas. Especificamente, 14 (31,8%) pacientes com DMG pertenciam a essa faixa etária. Em contraste, apenas 2,3% dos indivíduos tinham 50 anos, o que sugere uma prevalência significativamente menor de DMG nessa faixa etária. Conclusão: a alta prevalência de DMG relatada neste estudo destaca a necessidade de maior rastreamento e manejo do DMG na Nigéria. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para desenvolver protocolos padronizados para a triagem e o manejo do DMG na Nigéria, particularmente em ambientes com recursos limitados.
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