Comportamientos Antisociales en Línea
La Conexión entre la Tríada Oscura y el Cyberstalking en una Muestra Brasileña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2025.1.47191Palabras clave:
tríada oscura, cyberstalking, relación íntimaResumen
El cyberstalking en las relaciones íntimas es una preocupación creciente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la asociación entre los rasgos de personalidad de la Tríada Oscura (maquiavelismo, narcisismo y psicopatía) y las conductas de cyberstalking en una muestra brasileña. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo y transversal con 215 adultos brasileños, reclutados a través de redes sociales. Los participantes completaron la escala Dark Triad Dirty Dozen y la Escala de cyberstalking en la Pareja (IPCS). Los datos se analizaron mediante correlaciones de Pearson y regresión lineal jerárquica. Todos los rasgos de la Tríada Oscura se correlacionaron positivamente con el cyberstalking. En el análisis de regresión, la psicopatía fue un predictor significativo y único del cyberstalking en todos los modelos. El narcisismo también surgió como un predictor significativo tras controlar las variables sociodemográficas. Sin embargo, el maquiavelismo no mostró un efecto predictivo único. Además, los hombres informaron niveles más bajos de perpetración de ciberacoso que las mujeres. Los hallazgos sugieren que la psicopatía y el narcisismo son predictores clave de la perpetración de ciberacoso en relaciones íntimas, destacando el papel de la personalidad en la comprensión de las conductas antisociales en línea. Los rasgos psicopáticos, en particular, se destacan como el factor más robusto.
Descargas
Citas
American Psychiatric Association (2023). Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais, 5ª Edição – Texto Revisado: DSM-5-TR. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Ames, D. R., Rose. P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI - 16 as a short measure of narcissism. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(4), 440-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002
Chatterjee, A., & Hambrick, D. C. (2007). It’s all about me: narcissistic chief executive officers and their effects on company strategy and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 52(3), 351-386. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.3.351 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.3.351
Crespo, M. (2015). Algumas reflexões sobre o cyberstalking. https://canalcienciascriminais.com.br/algumas-reflexoes-sobre-o-cyberstalking/.
Czibor, A., Szabo, Z. P., Jones, D. N., Zsido, A. N., Paal, T., Szijjarto, L., Carre, J. R., & Bereczkei, T. (2017). Male and female face of Machiavellianism: Opportunism or anxiety? Personality and Individual Differences, 117(15), 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.002
DeTardo-Bora, K. A., & Bora, D. J. (2016). Cybercrimes: An overview of contemporary challenges and impending Threats. In J. Sammons (Ed.). Digital Forensics (pp. 119-132). Elsevier. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804526-8.00008-3
Dinić, B. M., Sadiković, S., & Wertag, A. (2021). Factor mixture analysis ofthe dark triad and dark tetrad. Journal of Individual Differences, 42(2), 74-83. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000331 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000331
Eterovic-Soric, B., Choo, K.-K. R., Ashman, H., & Mubarak, S. (2017). Stalking the stalkers – detecting and deterring stalking behaviours using technology: A review. Computers & Security, 70. 278-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2017.06.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2017.06.008
Ferreira, L. B., Bonfá-Araujo, B., Iglesias, F., & Faiad, C. (2022). Prazer com o sofrimento alheio: adaptação da escala reduzida de impulso sádico (ERIS). Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 74, e005. http://doi.org/10.36482/1809-5267.ARBP-2022v74.20244
Foster, J. D., & Campbell, W. K. (2007). Are there such things as “Narcissistis” in social psychology? A taxometric analysis of the Narcisistic Personality Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(6), 1321-1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.003
Fox, K. A., Nobles, M. R., & Fisher, B. S. (2011). Method behind the madness: An examination of stalking measurements. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(1), 74-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2010.12.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2010.12.004
Furnham, A., Richards, S., Rangel, L., & Jones, D. N. (2014). Measuring malevolence: Quantitative issues surrounding the dark triad of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 67, 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.001
Gonçalves, M. K., & Campbell, L. (2014). The dark triad and the derogation of mating competitors. Personality and Individual Differences, 67, 42-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.003
Gouveia, V. V., Monteiro, R. P., Gouveia, R. S. V., Athayde, R. A. A., & Cavalcanti, T. M. (2016). Avaliando o lado sombrio da personalidade: evidências psicométricas do Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. Revista Interamericana de Psicologia, 50(3), 420-432. https://journal.sipsych.org/index.php/IJP/article/view/126/pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.30849/rip/ijp.v50i3.126
Jakobwitz, S., & Egan, V. (2006). The dark triad and normal personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(2), 331-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.07.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.07.006
Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019265 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019265
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short Dark Triad (SD3): a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28-41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105
Jones, D.N. & Paulhus, D.L. (2011). Differentiating the dark triad within the interpersonal circumplex. In L. M. Horowitz & S. Strack (Eds.). Handbook of interpersonal psychology (pp.: 249-269). Wiley and Sons. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118001868.ch15
Kircaburun, K., Demetrovics, Z. & Tosuntaş, Ş.B. (2018) Analyzing the Links Between Problematic Social Media Use. Dark Triad Traits. and Self-esteem. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17, 1496–1507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9900-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9900-1
Kircaburun, K., Jonason, P. K., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). The dark tetrad traits and problematic social media use: The mediating role of cyberbullying and cyberstalking. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.034 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.034
Leite, Â., Freitas, D. F., Lima, A., & Torres, A. R. (2023). Dark personality traits and online behaviors: Portuguese versions of cyberstalking. online harassment. flaming. and trolling scales. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(12), 6136. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20126136 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20126136
Lyons, M. (2019). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism. machiavellianism. and psychopathy in everyday. Academic Press. doi:10.1016/C2017-0-01262-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-01262-4
Machado, C., Matos, M., & Gonçalves, M. (2008). Manual de escala de crenças sobre a violência conjugal (E.C.V.C.) e do inventário de violência conjugal (I.V.C.): escalas de avaliação e manual. Editora Psiquilíbrios.
March, E., & Springer, N. (2020). Somebody that I (used to) know: Gender and dimensions of dark personality traits as predictors of intimate partner cyberstalking. Personality and Individual Differences, 163, 110084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110084
March, E., Litten, V., Sullivan, D. H., & Ward, L. (2020). Somebody that I (used to) know: Gender and dimensions of dark personality traits as predictors of intimate partner cyberstalking. Personality and Individual Differences, 163, 110084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110084 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110084
Ménard, K. S., & Pincus, A. L. (2012). Predicting overt and cyber stalking perpetration by male and female college students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(11), 2183- 2207. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511432144 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511432144
Moor, L., & Anderson, J. R. (2019). A systematic literature review of the relationship between dark personality traits and antisocial online behaviours. Personality and Individual Differences, 144, 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.027
Moura, J. Q. D., Habigzang, L. F., Matos, M., & Gonçalves, M. (2021). Escala de Crenças Sobre Violência Conjugal (ECV): Versão Brasileira. Psico-USF, 26(4), 603-616. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712021260401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712021260401
O’Boyle, E. H. Jr., Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., & McDaniel, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the dark triad and work behavior: A social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 557–579. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025679 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025679
O’Boyle, E. H., Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., Story, P. A., & White, C. D. (2014). A meta-analytic test of redundancy and relative importance of the dark triad and five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 83(6), 644-664. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12126 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12126
Patrick, C. J., Fowles, D. C., & Krueger, R. F. (2009). Triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy: Developmental origins of disinhibition. boldness. and meanness. Development and Psychopathology, 21(3), 913–938. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579409000492 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579409000492
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6
Pires, S., Sani, A., & Soeiro, C. (2018). Stalking e cyberstalking em estudantes universitários: Uma revisão sistemática. Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social, 4(2), 60-75. https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2018.4.2.75 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2018.4.2.75
Reyns, B. W. (2019). Online pursuit in the twilight zone: Cyberstalking perpetration by College Students. Victims & Offenders, 14(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2018.1557092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2018.1557092
Samuel, D. B., Lynam, D. R., Widiger, T. A., & Ball, S. A. (2012). An expert consensus approach to relating the proposed DSM-5 types and traits. Personality Disorders: Theory. Research. and Treatment, 3(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023787 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023787
Silva, P. G. N., Fonseca, P. N., Couto, R. N., Pereira, R. S. (2021). Intimate Partner Cyberstalking Scale (IPCS): Evidências Psicométricas no Brasil. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación e Avaliação Psicológica, 59(2), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.21865/RIDEP59.2.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21865/RIDEP59.2.01
Smith-Darden, J. P., Kernsmith, P. D., Victor, B. G., & Lathrop, R. A. (2017). Electronic displays of aggression in teen dating relationships: Does the social ecology matter? Computers in Human Behavior, 67, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chb.2016.10.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.015
Smoker, M., & March, E. (2017). Predicting perpetration of intimate partner cyberstalking: Gender and the dark tetrad. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 390-396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.012
Spitzberg, B. H., & Cupach, W. R. (2003). What mad pursuit? Obsessive relational intrusion and stalking related phenomena. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 8(4), 345-375. https://doi.org/10.21865/RIDEP59.2.01. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-1789(02)00068-X
Spitzberg, B. H., & Cupach, W. R. (2007). The state of the art of stalking: Taking stock of the emerging literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12(1), 64-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2006.05.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2006.05.001
Tokunaga, R. S., & Aune, K. S. (2015). Cyberdefense: A taxonomy of tactics for managing cyberstalking. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(10), 1451-1475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515589564 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515589564
Venables, N. C., Hall, J. R., & Patrick, C. J. (2013). Differentiating psychopathy from antisocial personality disorder: A triarchic model perspective. Psychological Medicine, 9, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171300161X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171300161X
Wegmann, E., Oberst, U., Stodt, B., & Brand, M. (2017). Online-specific fear of missing out and Internet-use expectancies contribute to symptoms of Internet-communication disorder. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 14(5), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.04.001
Xu, H., Blais, J., & Craig, W. M. (2024). A meta-analysis of the relationship between personality traits and cyberbullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 79, 101992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2024.101992 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2024.101992
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Roberta Cordeiro Araujo, Carlos Manoel Lopes Rodrigues, Cristiane Faiad, Antonio de Pádua Serafim, Thicianne Malheiros da Costa, Ricardo Silva dos Santos Durães, Ana Isabel Sani

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.




