O espectro da metametafísica
Mapeando o estado da arte na metafísica científica
Resumo
O realismo científico é comumente associado à metafísica. Uma encarnação atual de tal associação diz respeito à exigência de uma caracterização metafísica das entidades sobre as quais alguém está sendo realista. Isso, às vezes, é chamado de “Desafio de Chakravartty” e codifica a afirmação de que, sem uma caracterização metafísica, não se tem uma imagem clara dos compromissos com os quais o realismo está engajado. A conexão necessária entre a metafísica e a ciência naturalmente levanta a questão de saber se tal demanda é adequadamente satisfeita e como a metafísica se relaciona com a ciência a fim de produzir o que é chamado de “metafísica científica”. Aqui, mapeamos algumas das opções disponíveis na literatura, gerando um espectro conceitual de acordo com como cada visão aproxima a ciência da metafísica. Isso é feito com o propósito de esclarecer o debate atual sobre a possibilidade de garantia epistêmica que a ciência poderia conceder à metafísica, e como diferentes posições abordam de forma diferente a espinhosa questão relativa à tal garantia.
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