Evitar o castigar, ¿esa es la pregunta?

Tendencia a actuar contra las violaciones morales

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2021.4.36392

Palabras clave:

juicio moral, transgressiones, principio moral, identidad

Resumen

Se buscó investigar la asociación de las tendencias a la acción frente a las violaciones morales con los códigos deontológicos y el nivel de cercanía al delincuente. Participaron 200 estudiantes universitarios (70% mujeres, edad M = 23 años; DT = 6,62). Respondieron preguntas sociodemográficas, la Escala Comunitaria, Autonomía y Divinidad y el Relación de Tendencias para la Acción ante Violaciones Morales. Los análisis mixtos de varianza sugirieron un efecto principal de la ética, con la autonomía mostrando puntuaciones más altas; un efecto principal de las violaciones, con transgresiones de autonomía que muestran puntajes más altos; y un efecto principal del nivel de proximidad al delincuente, con puntuaciones más altas observadas con extraños. Se observó una interacción desde la tendencia a la acción con el nivel de proximidad, donde los participantes evitaban más a los amigos y castigaban más a los extraños. Las investigaciones futuras sugieren la proximidad al delincuente como una variable relevante.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Valeschka Martins Guerra, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brasil.

Doutora em Psicologia Social pela University of Kent (UKC), em Canterbury, Kent, Inglaterra; mestra em Psicologia Social pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; professora da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), em Vitória, ES, Brasil.

Viviany Silva Pessoa, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.

Doutora em Psicologia Social pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; mestra em Psicologia pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), em Natal, RN, Brasil; professora na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.

Aline Venceslau Vieira de Lima, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, PB, Brasil.

Doutora em Psicologia pelo Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), em Lisboa, Portugal; mestra em Psicologia pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; professora na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil.

Samuel Lincoln Bezerra Lins, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Doutor em Psicologia pela Universidade do Porto (UP), em Porto, Portugal; mestre em Psicologia pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; professor na Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Pollyana de Lucena Moreira, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brasil.

Doutora em Psicologia Social pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; mestra em Psicologia pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em João Pessoa, PB, Brasil; professora da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), em Vitória, ES, Brasil.

Citas

Coleman, N. V., & Williams, P. (2013). Feeling like myself: Emotion profiles and social identity. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(2), 203-222. https://doi.org/10.1086/669483

Damásio, B. F. (2012). Uso da análise fatorial exploratória em psicologia. Avaliação Psicológica, 11(2), 213-228.

Elliot, A. J., Eder, A. B., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2013). Approach-avoidance motivation and emotion: Convergence and divergence. Emotion Review, 5(3), 308-311. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073913477517

Farnsworth, J. K., Drescher, K. D., Nieuwsma, J. A., & Walser, R. B. (2014). The role of moral emotions in military trauma: implications for the study and treatment of moral injury. Review of General Psychology, 18(4), 249-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000018

Fernández, I., Páez, D., & González, J. (2005). Independent and interdependent self-construals and sociocultural

factors in 29 nations. International Review of Social Psychology, 18, 35-63. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239923298_Independent_and_Interdependent_Self-construals_and_Sociocultural_Factors_in_29_Nations

Fischer, A. & Roseman, I. (2007). Beat them or ban them: The characteristics and social functions of anger and contempt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 103-115. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.93.1.103

Giner-Sorolla, R., Bosson, J. K., Caswell, T. A., & Hettinger, V. E. (2012). Emotions in sexual morality: Testing the separate elicitors of anger and disgust. Cognition and Emotion, 26(7), 1208-1222. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.645278

Giner-Sorolla, R. & Chapman, H. A. (2016). Beyond purity: Moral Disgust toward bad character. Psychological Science, 28(1), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616673193

Guerra, V. & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2010). Community, Autonomy, and Divinity Scale: A new tool for the cross-cultural study of morality. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 41, 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022109348919

Guerra, V. M. & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2015). Investigating the three ethics in emerging adulthood: a study in five countries. In: L. A. Jensen (Org.), Moral Development in a Global World: Research from a Cultural-Developmental Perspective (pp. 117-140). Cambridge University Press.

Guerra, V. M., Giner-Sorolla, R., & Vasiljevic, M. (2013). The importance of honor concerns across eight countries. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 16, 298-318. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430212463451

Gutierrez, R. & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2011). Disgusting but harmless moral violations are perceived as harmful due to the negative emotions they elicit. Revista de Psicologia Social, 26(1), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1174/021347411794078381

Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814–834.

Haidt, J. & Kesebier, S. (2010). Morality. In S. Fiske, D. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of Social Psychology (5th ed., pp. 797-832). Wiley.

Haidt, J., Koller, S., & Dias, M. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 613-628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613

Han, D., Duhachek, A., & Agrawal, N. (2014). Emotions shape decisions construal level: The case of guilt and shame. Journal of Consumer Research, 41, 1047-1064. https://doi.org/10.1086/678300

Jensen, L. (1995). Habits of the heart revisited: Autonomy, community, and divinity in adults’ moral language. Qualitative Sociology, 18, 71-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393196

Jensen, L. (1998). Moral divisions within countries between orthodoxy and progressivism: India and the United States. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37, 90-107. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388031

Jensen, L. (2004). Civic engagement coding manual: Type of engagement. Unpublished manuscript.

Kohlberg, L. (1984). Essays on Moral Development. The Psychology of Moral Development: The Nature and Validity of Moral Stages. Harper & Row.

Krettenauer, T., Jia, F., & Mosleh, M. (2011). The role of emotion expectancies in adolescents’ moral decision making. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 108, 358-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.014

Piaget, J. (1932). O Juízo Moral na Criança (4. ed.). Summus.

Rest, J. R., Narvaez, D., Thoma, S. J., & Bebeau, M. J. (2000). A Neo-Kohlbergian Approach to Morality Research. Journal of Moral Education, 29(4), 381-395. http://doi.org/10.1080/713679390

Rozin, P., Lowery, L., Imada, S., & Haidt, J. (1999). The CAD triad hypothesis: A mapping between three moral emotions (contempt, anger, disgust) and three moral codes (community, autonomy, divinity). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 574-586. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.76.4.574

Salerno, J. M. & Peter-Hagene, L. C. (2013). The interactive effect of anger and disgust on moral outrage and judgments. Psychological Science, 24(10), 2069-2078. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613486988

Shepherd, L., Spears, R., & Manstead, A. S. R. (2013). ‘This will bring shame on our nation’: The role of anticipated group-based emotions on collective action. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 42-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.07.011

Shweder, R. (2003). Why do men barbecue? Recipes for cultural psychology. Harvard University Press.

Shweder, R., Much, N., Mahapatra, M., & Park, L. (1997). The “big three” of morality (autonomy, community, divinity) and the “big three” explanations of suffering. In A. Brandt, & P. Rozin (Eds.), Morality and Health (pp. 119-169). Routledge.

Turiel, E. (2002). The Culture of Morality: Social Development, Context, and Conflict. Cambridge University Press.

Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2006). Feeling is for doing: A Pragmatic approach to the study of emotions in

economic behavior. In. D. De Cremer, M. Zeelenberg, & K. Murnighan (Eds.). Social Psychology and Economics (pp. 117-137). Erlbaum.

Publicado

2021-12-31

Cómo citar

Guerra, V. M., Pessoa, V. S., Lima, A. V. V. de, Lins, S. L. B., & Moreira, P. de L. (2021). Evitar o castigar, ¿esa es la pregunta? Tendencia a actuar contra las violaciones morales. Psico, 52(4), e36392. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2021.4.36392

Número

Sección

Artículos

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a