The temporal dynamics of attention in visual working memory

Authors

  • Tamires Zar Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo
  • Cesar Alexis Galera Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2018.4.27886

Keywords:

Working memory, Visual attention, Recognition.

Abstract

Orienting attention to a memorized scene using an endogenous cue positively favors processing, in a manner similar to endogenous cueing in perceptual tasks. In perception, endogenous and exogenous cues have different temporal dynamics. We investigated the efficacy and temporal dynamics of retrieval of information held in working memory using two types of retro-cue (endogenous and exogenous), presented in different intervals before the probed stimulus. Our results show that both cue types provide an equivalent benefit in accuracy and response time, which increases at longer cue-target-asynchrony. Our data indicate that performance is linked with cue validity and also with cue-target-asynchrony, but it is not linked with cue type, at least at the investigated intervals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Astle, D., Summerfield, J., Griffin, I. & Nobre, A. (2012). Orienting attention to locations in mental representations. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 74(1), 146-162.

https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-011-0218-3

Awh, E. & Jonides, J. (2001). Overlapping mechanisms of attention and spatial working memory. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5(3), 119-126.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01593-X

Awh, E., Jonides, J., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (1998). Rehearsal in spatial working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(3), 780-790.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.24.3.780

Baddeley, A. (2010). Working memory. Current biology, 20(4), R136-R140.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.12.014

Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 1-29.

https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422

Baddeley, A. D. & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. Psychology of learning and motivation, 8, 47-89.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1

Baddeley, A. D. & Logie, R. H. (1999). Working memory: The multiple-component model. In A. Miyake & P. Shah (Eds.). Models of working memory: Mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control (pp. 28-61). New York: Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139174909.005

Berryhill, M. E., Richmond, L. L., Shay, C. S., & Olson, I. R. (2012). Shifting attention among working memory representations: Testing cue type, awareness, and strategic control. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(3), 426-438.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2011.604786

Borst, G., Niven, E., & Logie, R. H. (2012). Visual mental image generation does not overlap with visual short-term memory: A dual-task interference study. Memory and Cognition, 40(3), 360-372.

https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0151-7

Carrasco, M. (2011). Visual attention: The past 25 years. Vision research, 51(13), 1484-1525.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2011.04.012

Gazzaley, A. & Nobre, A. C. (2012). Top-down modulation: bridging selective attention and working memory. Trends in cognitive sciences, 16(2), 129-135.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.11.014

Griffin, I. C. & Nobre, A. C. (2003). Orienting attention to locations in internal representations. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15(8), 1176-1194.

https://doi.org/10.1162/089892903322598139

Hein, E., Rolke, B., & Ulrich, R. (2006). Visual attention and temporal discrimination: Differential effects of automatic and voluntary cueing. Visual Cognition, 13(1), 29-50.

https://doi.org/10.1080/135062805000143524

Hollingworth, A. & Maxcey-Richard, A. M. (2013). Selective maintenance in visual working memory does not require sustained visual attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39(4), 1047-1058.

https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030238

Janczyk, M. & Berryhill, M. E. (2014). Orienting attention in visual working memory requires central capacity: Decreased retro-cue effects under dual-task conditions. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 76(3), 715-724.

https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-013-0615-x

Klauer, K. C. & Stegmaier, R. (1997). Interference in immediate spatial memory: Shifts of spatial attention or central executive involvement? The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section A, 50(1), 79-99.

https://doi.org/10.1080/713755689

Lepsien, J. & Nobre, A. (2006). Cognitive control of attention in the human brain: Insights from orienting attention to mental representations. Brain Research, 1105(1), 20-31.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.033

Liu, T., Stevens, S. T., & Carrasco, M. (2007). Comparing the time course and efficacy of spatial and feature-based attention. Vision Research, 47(1), 108-113.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2006.09.017

Matsukura, M., Cosman, J. D., Roper, Z. J. J., Vatterott, D. B., & Vecera, S. P. (2014). Location-specific effects of attention during visual short-term memory maintenance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 40(3), 1103-1116.

https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035685

Müller, H. J. & Rabbitt, P. M. (1989). Reflexive and voluntary orienting of visual attention: time course of activation and resistance to interruption. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15(2), 315-330.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.15.2.315

Posner, M. I. (1980). Orienting of attention. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32(1), 3-25.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00335558008248231

Psychology Software Tools, Inc. [E-Prime 2.0]. (2012). Recuperado em 08 de março de 2017, de

http://www.pstnet.com

Quinn, J. G. (2012). Theories and debate in visuo-spatial working memory: The questions of access and rehearsal. In V. Gyselinck & F. Pazzaglia (Eds.). From mental imagery to spatial cognition and language: Essays in honour of Michel Denis (pp. 106-124). Hove: Psychology Press.

Ricker, T. J., Vergauwe, E., & Cowan, N. (2016). Decay theory of immediate memory: from Brown (1958) to today (2014). The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1969-1995.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.914546

Smyth, M. M. (1996). Serial order in spatial immediate memory. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section A, 49(1), 159-177.

https://doi.org/10.1080/713755615

Snodgrass, J. G. & Corwin, J. (1988). Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: applications to dementia and amnesia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117(1), 34-50.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.117.1.34

Souza, A. S. & Oberauer, K. (2016). In search of the focus of attention in working memory: 13 years of the retro-cue effect. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 78(7), 1839-1860.

https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-016-1108-5

Souza, A. S., Rerko, L., & Oberauer, K. (2015). Refreshing memory traces: thinking of an item improves retrieval from visual working memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1339(1), 20-31.

https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12603

Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs, 74(11), 29-60.

https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093759

Wright, R. D. & Ward, L. M. (1998). The control of visual attention. In R. D. Wright (Org.). Visual attention (pp. 132-186). Nova York: Oxford University Press.

Published

2018-01-30

How to Cite

Zar, T., & Galera, C. A. (2018). The temporal dynamics of attention in visual working memory. Psico, 49(4), 358–364. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2018.4.27886

Issue

Section

Articles