Sarcopenia
Prevalencia y factores asociados entre mujeres de edad avanzada de la comunidad e institucionalizados de la región sur de Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2020.1.40032Palabras clave:
Sarcopenia, Anciano, PrevalenciaResumen
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la prevalencia de la sarcopenia y los factores asociados entre las mujeres ancianas que viven en la comunidad y en las Instituciones de atención a largo plazo para los ancianos.
Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 423 ancianas ≥ 60 años, viviendo en Instituciones de atención a largo plazo para los ancianos y en la comunidad. La sarcopenia se definió según el Grupo de Trabajo Europeo sobre Sarcopenia en los Ancianos 2 (EWGSOP2): baja fuerza muscular (<16kg), baja masa muscular evaluada por el índice de masa muscular esquelética (MME) ≤6,75kg/m2 y bajo rendimiento físico, velocidad de marcha ≤0.8m/s. Las mujeres con baja fuerza muscular fueron consideradas como pre sarcopénicas, aquellas con baja fuerza muscular asociada con MME baja eran sarcopénicas y aquellas que cumplen con tres criterios, fueron clasificadas con sarcopenia grave.
Resultados: Entre los ancianos de la comunidad, la prevalencia de sarcopenia fue del 2,0% (60-69 años), del 8,6% (70-79 años) y del 12,9% (≥80 años) y entre los residentes de Instituciones, 3,3% (60-69 años), 14,8% (70-79 años) y 34,2% (≥80 años). Después de la regresión logística multivariada, la edad alta y el bajo Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) se asociaron con sarcopenia en ambos grupos.
Conclusión: La prevalencia de la sarcopenia es mayor en los hogares de ancianos, pero este no es un factor independiente. Además, independientemente del hogar, el IMC bajo y la edad avanzada son predictivos de la sarcopenia.
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