Assessment of antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite and grape seed extract against Enterococcus faecalis

Autores

  • Larissa Taís Soligo University of Passo Fundo
  • Doglas Cecchin University of Passo Fundo
  • Matheus Albino Souza University of Passo Fundo
  • Ezequiel Santin Gabrielli State University of Campinas
  • Huriel Scartazzini Palhano University of Passo Fundo
  • Ana Paula Farina University of Passo Fundo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2017.3.28266

Palavras-chave:

hipoclorito de cálico, hipoclorito de sódio, extrato de semente de uva, Enterococcus faecalis.

Resumo

*Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do hipoclorito de sódio, hipoclorito de cálcio e do extrato de semente de uva contra o Enterococcus faecalis*

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do hipoclorito de cálico [Ca(OCl)2] nas concentrações de 2,5% e 6% e do extrato de semente de uva (GSE) nas concentrações de 10%, 30% e 50% contra o Enterococcus faecalis, e comparar com a atividade do hipoclorito de sódio a 6% (NaOCl).
MÉTODOS: Soro fisiológico foi utilizado como grupo controle. Os halos de inibição do crescimento microbiano foram verificados pelo método de Difusão em Ágar. Foram utilizadas doze placas de Petri para semeadura com meio de cultura apresentando aproximadamente 5 mm de espessura. Foram utilizados em cada placa 5 discos de antibiograma puro e estéril embebidos nas substâncias a serem testadas e levados até a placa contendo a cepa bacteriana semeada. As placas permaneceram em estufa bacteriológica aeróbia durante 24 h numa temperatura de 37ºC. Após 24 h, os halos de inibição foram mensurados com parquímetro digital. Para análise estatística utilizou-se ANOVA seguido pelo teste complementar de Tukey à 5% de significanica.
RESULTADOS: Ca(ClO)2 6% apresentou halo de inibição estatisticamente maior que as demais soluções (p<0.05), seguido do Ca(ClO)2 2,5% que foi semelhante estatisticamente ao NaOCl 6% (p>0,05). As concentrações de GSE resultaram nos menores halos de inibição substâncias ativas e as diferentes concentrações foram semelhantes entre si. Por fim, o soro fisiológico apresentou os menos halos de inibição entre todos os grupos (p<0,05).
CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que o Ca(OCl)2 6% apresentou atividade antimicrobiana superior ao NaOCl 6%, por outro lado todas as concentrações de GSE foram inferiores ao NaOCl e ao Ca(OCl)2.

Referências

Stuart CH, Schwartz SA, Beeson TJ, Owatz CB. Enterococcus faecalis: its role in root canal treatment failure and current concepts in retreatment. J Endod. 2006;32:93-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.049

Sundqvist G, Figdor D. Life as an endodontic pathogen. Ecological differences between the untreated and root-filled root canals. Endod Topics. 2003;6:3-28.

Byström A, Sundqvist G. Bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy. Scand J Dent Res. 1981;89:321-8.

Zehnder M. Root canal irrigants. J Endod. 2006;32:389-98.

Motta MV, Chaves-Mendonca MA, Stirton CG, Cardozo HF. Accidental injection with sodium hypochlorite: report of a case. Int Endod J. 2009;42:175-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01493.x

Moreira DM, Almeida JF, Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Line SR, Zaia AA. Structural analysis of bovine root dentin after use of different endodontics auxiliary chemical substances. J Endod. 2009;35:1023-7. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.04.002

Ghisi AC, Kopper PM, Baldasso FE, Stürmer CP, Rossi-Fedele G, Steier L, de Figueiredo JA, Morgental RD, Vier-Pelisser FV. Effect of superoxidized water and sodium hypochlorite, associated or not with EDTA, on organic and inorganic components of bovine root dentin. J Endod. 2015;41: 925-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.01.039

Santos JN, Carrilho MR, De Goes MF, Zaia AA, Gomes BP, Souza-Filho FJ, Ferraz CC. Effect of chemical irrigants on the bond strength of a selfetching adhesive to pulp chamber dentin. J Endod. 2006;32:1088-90.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.07.001

Farina AP, Cecchin D, Barbizam JV, Carlini-Júnior B. Influence of endodontic irrigants on bond strength of a self-etching adhesive. Aust Endod J. 2011;37:26-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00249.x

Dutta A, Saunders WP. Comparative evaluation of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite on soft-tissue dissolution. J Endod. 2012;38:1395-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.06.020

Leonardo NG, Carlotto IB, Luisi SB, Kopper PM, Grecca FS, Montagner F.

Calcium Hypochlorite Solutions: Evaluation of Surface Tension and Effect

of Different Storage Conditions and Time Periods over pH and Available Chlorine Content. J Endod. 2016;42:641-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.

joen.2016.01.006

de Almeida AP, Souza MA, Miyagaki DC, Dal Bello Y, Cecchin D, Farina AP.

Comparative evaluation of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation on antimicrobial activity of a root canal system infected with Enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro study. J Endod. 2014;40:1953-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.08.025

Blattes GB, Mestieri LB, Böttcher DE, Fossati AC, Montagner F, Grecca FS. Cell migration, viability and tissue reaction of calcium hypochlorite based-solutions irrigants: An in vitro and in vivo study. Arch Oral Biol. 2017;73:34-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.037

Wu CD. Grape products and oral health. J Nutr 2009;139:1818S-23S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.107854

Sarni-Manchado P, Cheynier V, Moutounet M. Interactions of grape seed

tannins with salivary proteins. J Agric Food Chem. 1999;47:42-7. http://

dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9805146

Al-Ammar A, Drummond JL, Bedran-Russo AK. The use of collagen crosslinking agents to enhance dentin bond strength. J Biomed Mater Res

B Appl Biomater. 2009;91:419-4.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.31417

Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ, Das DK, Ray SD, Kuszynski CA, Joshi SS, Pruess HG. Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicology. 2000;148:187-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00210-9

Cecchin D, Farina AP, Souza MA, Albarello LL, Schneider AP, Vidal CM, Bedran-Russo AK. Evaluation of antimicrobial effectiveness and dentine

mechanical properties after use of chemical and natural auxiliary irrigants. J Dent. 2015;43:695-702. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.03.013.

Su YS, Morrison DT, Ogle RA. Chemical kinetics of calcium hypochlorite

decomposition in aqueous solution. Chem Health Saf. 2009;16:21-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2008.07.002

Dumani A, Guvenmez HK, Yilmaz S, Yoldas O, Kurklu ZG.Antibacterial Efficacy of Calcium Hypochlorite with Vibringe Sonic Irrigation System on

Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study. Biomed Res Int. 2016:8076131.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8076131

Baumgartner JC, Cuenin PR. Efficacy of several concentrations of sodium

hypochlorite for root canal irrigation. J Endod. 1992;18:605-12. http://

dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81331-2

Vianna ME, Gomes BP, Berber VB, Zaia AA, Ferraz CC, de Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod.

;97:79-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00360-3

Whittaker HA, Mohler BM.The Sterilization of Milk Bottles With Calcium Hypochlorite. Am J Public Health (NY)1912;2:282-7.

Dornelles-Morgental R, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, de Faria-Júnior NB, Hungaro-Duarte MA, Kuga MC, Tanomaru-Filho M. Antibacterial efficacy of endodontic irrigating solutions and their combinations in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011;112:396-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.

tripleo.2011.02.004

Camps J, Pommel L, Aubut V, Verhille B, Satoshi F, Lascola B, About I. Shelf life, dissolving action, and antibacterial activity of a neutralized 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2009;108:e66-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.03.034

Mercade M, Duran-Sindreu F, Kuttler S, Roig M, Durany N. Antimicrobial

efficacy of 4.2% sodium hypochlorite adjusted to pH 12, 7.5, and 6.5 in

infected human root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2009;107:295-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.05.006

Saito M, Hosoyama H, Ariga T, Kataoka S, Yamaji N. Antiulcer activity of

grape seed extract and procyanidins. J Agric Food Chem 1998;46:1460-4.

Baydar NG, Sagdic O, Ozkan G, Cetin S. Determination of antibacterial effects and total phenolic contents of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed extracts. Int J Food SCI Tech 2006;41:799-804.

Vidal CM, Aguiar TR, Phansalkar R, McAlpine JB, Napolitano JG, Chen SN, Araújo LS, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo A. Galloyl moieties enhance the dentin biomodification potential of plant-derived catechins. Acta Biomater. 2014;10:3288-94. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.03.036

Downloads

Publicado

2018-03-23

Edição

Seção

Artigo Original