Silent reading time and reading aloud with young, older adults and elderly people
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.1.28670Keywords:
Reading time, Aging, Eye tracking.Abstract
This study aims to measure the Portuguese and English reading time (in silent and reading aloud texts), as well as the eyetracking control (the amount and the number of fixations and regressions (go-past reading), with three different experimental groups (10 for each one of the groups): young, old, and aging-elderly people, using eye-tracker EyeTribe.The results showed that the young participant group differed from the other two groups, with the measure length time ranging from 200 to 250 ms. The young participant group obtained a longer time in reading English than Portuguese. The elderly group showed a higher number than the established standard one of 500 ms, averaging between 600-650 ms. In English texts,
the reading time was longer in the three categories. The participants read English texts faster when reading silently than when reading aloud.
Downloads
References
ALTMANN, Gerry, et al.. Avoiding the garden path: Eye movements in context. Journal of Memory and Language, v. 31, n. 5, p. 685-712, 1992.
BIALYSTOK, Ellen, et al. Dual-modality monitoring in a classification task: The effects of bilingualism on aging. The Quaterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, v. 59, n. 11, p. 1968-1983, 2006.
BIALYSTOK, Ellen. Bilingualism in Development: Language, Literacy & Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
BRASIL. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Censo Demográfico – 2010. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE. Disponível em:<https://censo2010.ibge.gov.br/>. Acesso em: 15 jul. 2016.
COLTHEART, Max et al. DRC: a dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychological review, v. 108, n. 1, p. 204-256, 2001.
DEHAENE, Stanislas. Os neurônios da leitura: como a ciência explica a nossa capacidade de ler. Tradução: Leonor Scliar Cabral, Porto Alegre: Penso, 2012.
FRAZIER, Lyn; RAYNER, Keith. Making and correcting errors during sentence comprehension: Eye movements in the analysis of structurally ambiguous sentences. Cognitive Psychology, v. 14, n. 2, p. 178-210, 1982.
FUNKE, Gregory et al. Which Eye Tracker Is Right for Your Research? Performance Evaluation of Several Cost Variant Eye Trackers. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, 2016. p. 1240-1244.
GOODMAN, Kenneth S. Reading: A psycholinguistic guessing game. In: GOODMAN, Kenneth S.; GOODMAN, Yetta M. (Org.). Making sense of learners making sense of written language: The selected works of Kenneth S. Goodman and Yetta M. Goodman. Routledge, 2014. p. 115-124.
LABERGE, David; SAMUELS, S. Jay. Toward a theory of automatic information process in reading. Cognitive Psychology, v. 6, n. 2, p. 293-323, 1974.
LENT, Robert. Cem bilhões de neurônios: conceitos fundamentais de neurociência. São Paulo: Atheneu, 2005.
MORAIS, José. A arte de ler. São Paulo: EdUnesp, 1996.
OBLER, Loraine K.; PEKKALA, Seija. Language and Communication in Aging. In: STEMMER, Brigitte; WHITAKER, Harry A. (Org.). Handbook of the Neuroscience of Language. London: Academic Press, 2008. p. 351-358.
OOMS, Kristien et al. Accuracy and precision of fixation locations recorded with the low-cost Eye Tribe tracker in different experimental setups. Journal of eye movement research, v. 8, n. 1, p. 1-24, 2015.
PERFETTI, Charles; STAFURA, Joseph. Word knowledge in a theory of reading comprehension. Scientific Studies of Reading, v. 18, n. 1, p. 22-37, 2014.
PORTO, Maria Augusta Rocha. Um ensino do idioma inglês: seu papel na inclusão social. Interdisciplinar: Revista de Estudos de Língua e Literatura, v. 17, p. 469-478, 2012.
RAYNER, Keith et al. Eye movements as reflections of comprehension processes in reading. Scientific studies of reading, v. 10, n. 3, p. 241-255, 2006.
RAYNER, Keith; JUHASZ, Barbara J.; POLLATSEK, Alexander. Movimentos Oculares durante a leitura. In: SNOWLING, Margaret J.; HULME, Charles (Org.). A ciência da leitura. Porto Alegre: Penso, 2013. p. 97-116.
RAYNER, Keith; SERENO, Sara C. Regressive eye movements and sentence parsing: On the use of regression-contingent analyses. Memory & Cognition, v. 22, n. 3, p. 281-285, 1994.
RAYNER, Keith. Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing: 20 Years of Research. Psychological Bulletin, n. 124, p. 372-422, 1998.
SCHLEGEL, Alexander A.; RUDELSON, Justin J.; TSE, Peter U. White matter structure changes as adults learn a second language. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, v. 24, n. 8, p. 1664-1670, 2012.
TOMITCH, Leda Maria Braga. A implementação de processos de leitura no cérebro humano: desvelando a compreensão leitora. Letras de Hoje, v. 48, n. 3, p. 309-315, 2013.
VONK, Wietske; COZIJN, Reinier. On the treatment of saccades and regressions in eye movement measures of reading time. In: RADACH, Ralph; HYONA, Jukka; DEUBEL, Heiner (Org.) The mind's eye: Cognitive and applied aspects of eye movement research. London: Elsevier, 2003. p. 291-311.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright
The submission of originals to Letras de Hoje implies the transfer by the authors of the right for publication. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. If the authors wish to include the same data into another publication, they must cite Letras de Hoje as the site of original publication.
Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise specified, material published in this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which allows unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is correctly cited.
