Physiotherapy in the prevention and treatment of prematurity osteopenia: an integrative review

Authors

  • Sílvia Raquel Jandt Faculdade Redentor, Rio de Janeiro
  • Laís Rodrigues Gerzson Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
  • Carla Skilhan de Almeida Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-652X.2017.4.26147

Keywords:

preterm, physiotherapy, metabolic bone diseases.

Abstract

Introduction: Each year, one in 10 babies are born premature worldwide and are susceptible to osteopenia of prematurity. Osteopenia of prematurity is characterized by alterations in skeletal mineralization due to deficient increase in bone mineral content.

Objective: To review, in the current literature, randomized clinical trials on the effects of motor physical therapy in preterm infants in relation to the prevention and/or treatment of prematurity osteopenia, as well as to observe the most used techniques for this assistance.

Materials and Methods: This is an integrative review of the literature including randomized clinical trials using motor physiotherapy as intervention techniques. We have searched the main databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Central, Lilacs and PEDro) for studies published from 2005 to 2016, using the descriptors: "premature", "bone mineralization", "physiotherapy", "osteopenia of prematurity" and its equivalents in Portuguese.

Results: Seven studies were included and the techniques used were passive mobilizations in the joints of the upper and lower limbs, with soft articular compression and a protocol of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation.

Conclusion: Although there are few randomized clinical trials, it was observed that motor physical therapy uses techniques that are effective in weight gain, growth, muscle mass and prevention of the imbalance between the formation and absorption of the bone matrix in premature infants, having an important role in the prevention and treatment of prematurity osteopenia.

Author Biographies

Sílvia Raquel Jandt, Faculdade Redentor, Rio de Janeiro

 

Fisioterapeuta da Unidade de Neonatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, Pós-graduada em Fisioterapia em Pediatria e Neonatologia Hospitalar pela FISIOWORK/ Faculdade Redentor, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

 

Laís Rodrigues Gerzson, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

Fisioterapeuta, Mestre em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Carla Skilhan de Almeida, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

Doutora em Ciência do movimento humano pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e docente desta universidade, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

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Published

2017-10-19

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 4 (2017)

Section

Review Articles

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