Noun phrase complement in Nigerian English

Autores

  • Mayowa Akinlotan Vrije Universiteit Brussels/University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2018.2.31724

Palavras-chave:

noun phrase complement, syntactic cooperation, complexity, Nigerian English noun phrase, new Englishes

Resumo

The present study investigates the structure of of-complement noun phrase in Nigerian English, comparing findings with those of British and Ghanaian varieties. Of-complement is high in frequency and is a typical complement that has structural tendencies for recursiveness and complexity. A review of literature explicating the structural simplification hypothesis (Gorlach, 1998) suggests that the structure of-complement (or any other type) has received very little attention. Perhaps such scanty works show the different arguments surrounding its syntactic and theoretical status in different grammatical descriptions. Unlike many previous NP frameworks, Huddleston & Pullum (2002, 2004) argued that complements are not only a syntactic element within the NP structure, but also that they are of equal obligatory syntactic status as a head noun within an NP. This framework, unlike many others, therefore conceptualizes the complement slot as an important part in the scheme of things for an NP structure viz-a-viz its complexity. Thus, a serious examination of NP complexity would consider the cooperation (relationship) between a complement and the other syntactic elements constituting the NP structure. This is one of many issues that the present study sheds light on. On the basis of variables representing syntactic function and text type, together with corpus analyses of NPs extracted from the Nigerian component of International Corpus of English (ICE), the structural behavior of of-complement in the lights of other internal elements constituting an NP structure, is clearly shown. It is found that a complement is less likely to co-occur with other all internal elements (20%). Also, it is shown that an of-complement is likely to co-occur with prenominal elements (30%). Furthermore, the paper shows that a structural type of of-complement representing h-complement (i.e. an NP structure consisting of a head noun + a complement, see Huddleston & Pullum, 2002, 2004, and Akinlotan & Housen, 2017) is more likely to occur (26%) as an independent NP structure than to co-occur with postnominal elements (24%). The structural simplification hypothesis is manifested in our corpus data, as it is found out that a complement is more likely to be simple-structured (54%) than complex-structured (46%). On the predictive strength of syntactic function and text type (Biber et al., 1999; Schilk & Schuab, 2016; Akinlotan, 2017), the study finds syntactic function a better predictor than text type.

 

*** Complemento de sintagma nominal no Inglês Nigeriano ***

O presente estudo investiga a estrutura de sintagmas nominais com complemento of- do inglês nigeriano, comparando os achados sobre as variedades britânica e ganense. O complemento of- é alto em frequência e é um complemento típico que tem tendências estruturais para recursividade e complexidade. Uma revisão da literatura explicando a hipótese da simplificação estrutural (Gorlach, 1998) sugere que a estrutura do complemento (ou qualquer outro tipo) recebeu pouca atenção. Talvez esses escassos trabalhos mostrem os diferentes argumentos que cercam seu status sintático e teórico em diferentes descrições gramaticais. Ao contrário de muitas estruturas de Sintagmas Nominais (SN) anteriores, Huddleston & Pullum (2002, 2004) argumentam que os complementos não são apenas um elemento sintático dentro da estrutura do SN, mas também que eles são de status sintático obrigatório como um substantivo principal dentro de um SN. Esta estrutura conceitua o encaixe do complemento como uma parte importante no esquema para uma estrutura SN, visà-vis sua complexidade. Assim, um exame sério da complexidade do SN consideraria a cooperação (relação) entre um complemento e os outros elementos sintáticos que constituem a estrutura do SN. Esta é uma das muitas questões que o presente estudo esclarece. Com base nas variáveis que representam a função sintática e o tipo de texto, juntamente com a análise de corpus de SNs extraídos do componente nigeriano do International Corpus of English (ICE), o comportamento estrutural do complemento à luz de outros elementos internos que constituem uma estrutura SN é demonstrado. Verifica-se que é menos provável que um complemento co-ocorra com outros elementos internos (20%). Além disso, mostra-se que um complemento é susceptível de co-ocorrer com elementos pré-nominais (30%). Outrossim, o artigo mostra que um tipo estrutural de complemento representando o complemento h (isto é, uma estrutura SN que consiste em um substantivo principal + um complemento, veja Huddleston & Pullum 2002, 2004 e Akinlotan & Housen, 2017) é mais provável de ocorrer (26%) como uma estrutura de SN, do que co-ocorrer com elementos pós-nominais (24%). A hipótese da simplificação estrutural manifesta-se em nossos dados de corpus, pois descobre-se que um complemento tem maior probabilidade de ser estruturado de forma simples (54%) do que complexa (46%). Sobre a força preditiva da função sintática e tipo de texto (Biber et al., 1999; Schilk & Schuab, 2016; Akinlotan, 2017), o estudo define a função sintática como um melhor preditor do que o tipo de texto.

Palavras-chave: complemento de sintagma nominal; cooperação sintática; complexidade; sintagma nominal do Inglês Nigeriano; novos ingleses.

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Publicado

2019-01-15

Como Citar

Akinlotan, M. (2019). Noun phrase complement in Nigerian English. BELT - Brazilian English Language Teaching Journal, 9(2), 342–363. https://doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2018.2.31724

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