Performance maintenance strategies of athletes exposed to hypobaric environments:A literature review
Keywords:
Exercise, high-altitude, nutrition, acclimatization, CPAP.Abstract
Acute exposure to altitude is still a major challenge for athletes from different sports as it causes important physiological alterations in the human body. The aim of this review was to seek attenuation strategies or treatments for the effects of acute exposure to altitude in exercise situations. Forty-one articles were included following database searches. The other items complementing this review relate to the reading of the references from the base articles. Among the most used strategies are acclimatization, O2 support, erythropoietin injection and nutrition. One study using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema has shown promising results. Further research aimed at the maintenance and attenuation of sports performance at altitude should be performed.
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Estratégias para atenuação e manutenção do desempenho de atletas expostos de forma aguda a ambientes hipobáricos: Uma revisão bibliográfica
A exposição aguda à altitude ainda é um grande desafio para atletas de diferentes modalidades, pois promove importantes alterações fisiológicas no corpo humano. O objetivo desta revisão foi buscar estratégias de atenuação ou tratamentos dos efeitos da exposição aguda à altitude em situações de exercício. Quarenta e um artigos foram incluídos, através de busca a bases de dados. Os demais artigos que complementam essa revisão referem-se à leitura das referências dos artigos base. Dentre as estratégias mais utilizadas estão a aclimatação, o suporte de O2, injeção de Eritropoietina e a nutrição. Um estudo utilizou-se da Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas (CPAP) para tratamento de edema de pulmão de alta altitude, apresentando resultados promissores. Novos estudos visando à manutenção e à atenuação do desempenho esportivo em altitude devem ser realizados.
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PALAVRAS- CHAVE: Exercício, altitude, nutrição, aclimatação, CPAP.
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