Tudo, em qualquer lugar, de uma só vez
Distribuição de vacinas para COVID-19 nos EUA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2024.1.45427Palavras-chave:
bioética, COVID-19, saúde pública, tecnologia, vacinasResumo
O desenvolvimento e a distribuição precoce da vacina contra a COVID-19 foram ambos um feito singular e uma oportunidade perdida. Neste artigo, defendo que o consenso em torno dos objetivos de um programa de distribuição de vacinas eficaz e moralmente responsável foi muitas vezes ignorado em favor da inversão das práticas problemáticas de distribuição de cuidados de saúde anteriores à pandemia. Examino os objetivos do planejamento de vacinas quanto aos impactos econômicos, sociais e da saúde pública, de um plano de distribuição contrário à estratégia “primeiro a chegar, primeiro a ser atendido” que acabou sendo utilizada. Defendo que a incapacidade de implementar uma política coerente de vacinação por grupos prioritários resultou numa proliferação de programas de distribuição de vacinas que prejudicaram os esforços de combate ao vírus, aumentando simultaneamente as desigualdades pré-existentes no sistema de saúde. A distribuição de vacinas de acordo com uma estratégia de implementação faseada para grupos individuais muito limitou o acesso à vacina por parte das pessoas com maior probabilidade de sofrerem as piores consequências da doença. O planejamento de pandemias no futuro deve levar em consideração esses resultados e empregar novas tecnologias para limitar o contágio e atender os grupos de risco de forma mais eficaz.
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