Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in acute viral bronchiolitis: retrospective cohort study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-652X.2017.4.26084Keywords:
bronchiolitis viral, noninvasive ventilation, pediatrics.Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) on clinical parameters in the first 24 hours in patients hospitalized in a pediatric emergency with diagnosis of acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB).
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study including medical records of children hospitalized with a diagnosis of AVB who used NIV in the pediatric emergency for two consecutive winters. Collected data: demographic (sex, age), clinical characteristics (heart rate, respiratory rate, peripheral oxygen saturation), time of use of NIV, hospitalization in pediatric ICU and length of hospital stay. Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare clinical variables between each time period, Mann-Withney test and ANOVA for comparisons between the group that used and did not use NIV.
Results: The sample consisted of 14 patients, the most prevalent type of virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and the noninvasive ventilation mode predominantly used was CPAP. There was no significant difference in vital signs in relation to the time of installation of NIV, six, 12 and 24 hours. There was no significant difference in the use of supplemental oxygen between the time of installation of NIV and after 24 hours. When comparing the clinical characteristics of patients who failed NIV and required invasive ventilation, heart rate differed significantly both at the time of installation of NIV and after 6 hours.
Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in the need for supplemental oxygen 24 hours after installation of NIV. There was no significant difference in the other clinical characteristics of the patients.
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