Antibody response to a chromatographic fraction of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> and its correlation with periodontal status

Abstract

Porphyromonas gingivalis has been strongly associated to periodontal diseases severity, and elicits humoral and cellular host response. Objective: To correlate the IgA, IgG and IgG subclasses serum levels against a chromatographic fraction from Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC33277 extract and the clinical periodontal parameter. Material and Methods: Periodontitis (29) and healthy control (26) subjects were evaluated according to probing depth, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level measurements. Porphyromonas gingivalis extract was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography and the humoral response against the fraction IV was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results and Conclusion: Percentage of sites showing bleeding on probing (criterion 1) was significantly correlated only with IgG2 serum levels (r = 0,385; p < 0,05). Total IgG and IgG2 were significantly correlated with percentage of sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 3 mm (criterion 2) (r = 0,428; p < 0,05 and r = 0,510; p < 0,01, respectively), CAL ≥ 5 mm (criterion 3) (r = 0,499 and r = 0,518, respectively; p < 0,01) and percentage of sites with CAL ≥ 3 mm associated to probing depth ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing at the same site (criterion 4) (r = 0,607; p < 0,001 and r = 0,487; p < 0,01, respectively). A statisticaly significant positive correlation was observed between IgGA and IgG1 levels and criterion 4 (r = 0,339 and r = 0,345, respectively; p < 0,05), and between IgG3 levels and criterion 3 (p < 0,05; r = 0,370). These results indicate that the more accurate is the diagnosis criterion employed in the periodontal disease determination, the higher are the serum levels of immunoglobulins.
UNITERMS: immunoglobulins; antibody; periodontal disease; probing depth; clinical attachment level; bleeding on probing.