Avaliação da depressão e de testes neuropsicológicos em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular
Abstract
A fim de determinar se existem diferenças neuropsicológicas entre os grupos, o Teste de Aprendizado Verbal da Califórnia (CVLT) e o Teste do Trigrama de Consoantes de Brown-Peterson (CCC) foram usados. A depressão foi avaliada pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Os testes neuropsicológicos usados não mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os três grupos estudados, o que pode ser devido à baixa proporção de pacientes com educação pós-secundária (25%). Entretanto, o grupo experimental (Grupos I e II) mostrou índices de depressão mais elevados (p < 0,05) que o Grupo III. Adicionalmente, o Grupo II mostrou maiores índices de depressão (p < 0,01) que o Grupo I, e não foi encontrada diferença estatística entre os Grupos I e III. Em conjunto, estes resultados sugerem que testes de memória são altamente dependentes do nível educacional e que não podem ser utilizados em larga escala. Do mesmo modo, a depressão desempenha um papel importante não só na etiologia, como também na perpetuação da DTM.
UNITERMOS: temporomandibular disorders; neuropsychological tests; psychological tests; orofacial pain.
SUMMARY
This cross-sectional retrospective study was undertaken with the primary objective of finding if there were neuropsychological differences among responding TMD (Group I), nonresponding TMD patients(Group II) as well as controls (Group III). The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and the Brown-Peterson Consonant Trigram Auditory Memory Test (CCC) were used. Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Portuguese Version). The neuropsychological tests used did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups studied, which might have been due to the low proportion of patients with post-secondary education (20%). However, the experimental group (Groups I and II) showed higher scores on depression (p < 0.05) than Group III. In addition, Group II showed higher levels of depression (p < 0.01) than Groups I and III, and no statiscal differences were found between Groups I and III. Taken in combination, these results suggest that memory tests are highly dependable on the level of education of the participants and cannot be widespreadly used. Also, depression plays a role not only in the etiology, but also in the perpetuation of TMD.
UNITERMS: disfunção temporomandibular; testes neuropsicológicos; testes psicossociais; dor orofacial.
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