Estudo da prevalência de alterações labiais em pescadores da ilha de Santa Catarina
Abstract
São várias as alterações provocadas pela exposição labial continuada e desprotegidas à radiação ultravioleta, com destaque para a Queilite Actínica e o Carcinoma Epidermóide. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi levantar a prevalência de alterações labiais relacionadas à exposição crônica ao sol e estudar a sua relação com outros possíveis fatores etiológicos numa população de pescadores de Florianópolis/SC bem como os dispositivos e métodos de prevenção regularmente utilizados. De uma população de aproximadamente 4000 pescadores filiados a Federação de Pescadores do Estado de Santa Catarina, foram examinados 111 pescadores de 08 comunidades pesqueiras de Florianópolis, no período compreendido entre agosto de 2002 e março de 2003. Todos os participantes voluntários da amostra foram entrevistados e examinados em sedes ou associações das colônias de pescadores incluídas na amostra. As alterações labiais diagnosticadas no exame clínico foram registradas em ficha clínica própria. Dentre as patologias labiais diagnosticadas, destacaram-se 48 casos de queilite actínica, 2 casos de queilite actínica aguda, 3 de leucoplasia, 4 de hiperceratose e 4 suspeitas de Carcinoma Epidermóide. Foram realizadas 22 palestras educativas e distribuídos mais de 350 folhetos com orientações básicas sobre prevenção do câncer de boca; 16 pacientes foram encaminhados para o atendimento especializado no Ambulatório de Estomatologia do Hospital Universitário. O diagnóstico precoce de alterações labiais em pescadores, bem como a conscientização destes sobre os prejuízos da radiação ultra-violeta são fundamentais pelo fato dos mesmos pertencerem a uma população de risco ao desenvolvimento de lesões cancerizáveis e câncer de lábio.
UNITERMOS: queilite actínica; carcinoma epidermóide; câncer bucal; raios ultravioletas.
SUMMARY
Continuous and no protected exposure to U.V. radiation can cause many lips pathologies as actinic cheilitis and scamous cells carcinoma. The objective of this research was: to raise the prevalence of lips alterations related to the chronic exposition to the sun; to study its relation with other possible etiologic factors in a fishing population of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil; to study the methods of prevention used and their regularity. Of a population of approximately 4000 fishermen of Santa Catarina island, were examined 111 people of 8 fishing communities of Florianópolis, between August/2002 to March/2003. All the voluntary participants of the sample had been interviewed and examined in associations of the fishing colonies. The lips’ alterations diagnosed in the clinical examination had been registered in proper clinical handbook. Among the lips’ alterations, 48 cases were of actinic cheilitis, 2 cases of acute actinic cheilitis, 3 leucoplakia, 4 hiperkeratosis and 4 suspicion of scamous cells carcinoma. 22 lectures and more than 350 brochures with basic information about prevention of the mouth cancer had been carried through; 16 patients had been directed for the specialized care in the Clinic of Stomatology/University Hospital/Santa Catarina University. The precocious diagnosis of lips’ alterations in fishermen, as well as the knowledge about the damages of the ultraviolet radiation is basic for the fact of the same ones will belong to a population of risk to the development of these injuries and cancer of lip.
UNITERMS: actinic cheilitis; epidermoid carcinoma; oral câncer; ultraviolet rays.
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