Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-652X.2018.4.26468Keywords:
children, adolescents, dyslipidemias, obesity, risk factors, cardiovascular diseases.Abstract
Objective: To describe the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases according to gender and percentage body fat (%BF) in overweight and obese children and adolescents.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-three children and adolescents (27 boys and 26 girls aged 6 to 16 years) who were overweight and obese underwent body mass (BM), height and waist circumference (WC) measurements, bioimpedance (%BF) and blood collection for determination of glucose, and lipid profile (TG, CT, HDL-C, LDL-C). The body mass index was calculated (BMI=BM kg/height m2) and BMI z-score was used to classify the nutritional status and the HOMA-IR index (> 2.5) for insulin resistance (IR).
Results: The girls showed, for the same age, higher BM and WC than boys. When classified according to the %BF, it was observed that the group with values determined as high (above 25% boys and 30% girls) presented higher levels of CT and LDL-C than participants with moderately high values (between 20- 25% boys and 25-30% girls). Most participants demonstrate altered cardiovascular risk %BF (77.5%), WC (64.2%), HDL-C (67.9%), CT (45.3%), LDL-C (24.5%), TG (41.5%) and IR (49.5%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is high in this group of overweight and obese children and adolescents and primary prevention measures should be implemented.
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