School-based interventions for reducing childhood obesity: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-652X.2015.2.19790Keywords:
obesity, quality of life, child.Abstract
Introduction: Poor nutrition and insufficient physical activity, due to the consumption of high-calorie foods are recognized as primary mechanisms underlying the increase in excess body weight.
Objective: To evaluate the main interventions aimed at reducing childhood obesity in schools.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies of interventions applied to school childhood obesity in the last 10 years. A rationale for the search was applied on PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect databases. For selection of articles, two researchers independently analyzed the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. When necessary, a third reviewer also analyzed the studies.
Results: Of the 16 articles selected by the systematic search, most uses physical activity (n=13) or nutrition education (n=12) as the main intervention for the care of school childhood obesity. Much of the research focuses its care for the children (n=11), having a small number of studies that extend education to parents (n=6) and teachers (n=3). Also, there are few studies using control groups to compare the quality of interventions (n=6). However, the findings demonstrate that primary interventions focused on education about healthy living may benefit the school public.
Conclusion: There is evidence that the best way to control childhood obesity is based on primary interventions focused on prevention and health protection, through educational programs, being the school environment and the family considered as the main drivers of this outcome.
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