A participação dos economistas no Governo
Abstract
Este trabalho analisa o processo através do qual os economistas se tornaram um segmento específico das elites dirigentes no Brasil, aquele que se identifica e se legitima não pela representação partidária e eleitoral, mas sim pela competência técnica. Relacionado às práticas de intervenção e planejamento econômico do Estado nacional-desenvolvimentista, este processo se intensificou nos governos militares, mas, paradoxalmente, não se arrefece em tempos neoliberais. O estudo procura relacionar também a forma de participação das equipes econômicas nos órgãos de gestão das políticas macroeconômicas com as características do sistema presidencialista brasileiro, o que tem gerado um estilo tecnocrático de tomada de decisão, mesmo em períodos de democracia.
Palavras-chave – Elites tecnocráticas. Gestão macroeconômica. Presidencialismo.
Abstract
The paper analyzes the emergence of the economists as ruling elite in Brazil, the one identified and legitimized not through political party and electoral representation but through technical and scientific competence. If this process was historically connected with the consolidation of the development state in the 1950s and 1960s and it has paradoxically been reinforced by the recent neoliberal economic reforms in democratic context. This work also examines the opportunities and risks offered by the Brazilian presidential system to a technocratic policymaking, even in democratic times.
Key words – Technocrats. Macroeconomic policymaking. Brazilian presidential system.
JEL Classification – A11, Role of economics, Role of economists, Market for economists. I23, Higher education research institutions. I28, Government policy.
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