Prevalência de doenças crônicas em pacientes geriátricos
Abstract
Introdução: O conhecimento do paciente geriátrico como um todo e não somente de sua boca é de extrema importância. Noções de patofisiologia, das condições crônicas que acometem esses pacientes e da farmacologia das drogas utilizadas serão úteis ao profissional do futuro, isso porque o número de idosos vem crescendo em todo o mundo, mostrando um aumento na demanda odontológica dessa parcela da população. Objetivo: o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as doenças crônicas que mais acometem os idosos atendidos na Disciplina de Clínica Integrada – FOAr-UNESP, bem como os medicamentos utilizados. Materiais e método: realizou-se a análise de prontuários de 70 pacientes com 60 anos ou mais. Foi elaborado um formulário com dados referentes ao ano de atendimento, idade, sexo, história médica das doenças atuais e passadas e os medicamentos utilizados pelos pacientes. Os dados foram transcritos para o software epiinfo que permitiu realizar uma análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: observou- se que dos 70 pacientes analisados, 40 (57,0%) eram do sexo feminino e 30 (43,0%) do sexo masculino; 74,3% tinham de 60 a 69 anos, 22,8% de 70 a 79 anos e 2,9% 80 anos ou mais. 66,0% dos pacientes possuíam ao menos uma doença crônica, sendo a hipertensão (38,0%) a patologia mais freqüente. Dos medicamentos utilizados os destinados a problemas do coração (48,0%) foram os mais usados. Conclusão: pode-se concluir que as doenças sistêmicas que mais acometeram os idosos analisados foram as cardiocirculatórias e que os medicamentos mais utilizados foram os destinados às alterações cardíacas.
UNITERMOS: avaliação geriátrica; assistência odontológica para doentes crônicos; odontologia geriátrica; geriatria; idoso; nível de saúde.
SUMMARY
Introduction: the knowledge of the geriatric patient as a whole is of extreme importance and not only his mouth, the knowledge of the pathophysiology, the chronic diseases and the pharmacology of the used drugs will be useful to the professional of the future, that is because the elderly patient population is growing all over the world, showing an increase in the dentistry demand. Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic diseases that most affects these patients, as well as the medications mostly used by them. Methods: through the analysis of handbooks of 70 patient with 60 years old or more assisted in General Dentistry Clinic of Araraquara School of Dentistry, a questionnaire was elaborated including referring data about the year of attendance, age, gender, medical history and the drugs used. The data were transcribed for the software epiinfo that allowed to accomplish a descriptive statistical analysis. Results: it was observed that from the 70 analyzed patients, 40 (57,0%) were females and 30 (43,0%) were males; 74,3% were 60 to 69 years old, 22,8% were 70 to 79 years old and 2,9% 80 years old or more; 66,0% of the patients possessed at least one chronic disease, being the hypertension (38,0%) the most frequent pathology. Regarding the medicines mostly utilized by this sub-population, hypertension drugs were the mostly frequent ones (48,0%). Conclusion: the systemic diseases that most frequent were cardiovascular diseases and that the drugs mostly used were those destined to treat the heart alterations.
UNITERMS: geriatric assess; dental care for chronically ill; geriatric dentistry; geriatrics; aged; health status.
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