Estudo radiográfico da densidade óssea mandibular em pixels e milímetros equivalentes de alumínio
Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar, em pixels e milímetros equivalentes de alumínio, a densidade óssea relativa mandibular, da região retromolar e região intermediária entre molares e pré-molares. Para a mensuração dos níveis de cinza em mmEq/Al nas referidas regiões, utilizou-se uma escala de alumínio constituída por 16 degraus, com 0,3 mm de espessura entre cada um deles. Utilizou-se 5 mandíbulas humanas secas, as quais foram tecnicamente radiografadas, nas regiões anteriormente citadas, com filmes Ultra-speed, tempo de exposição de 0,5 segundos e distância focal de 25 cm. Estas radiografias foram processadas pelo método de tempo e temperatura, e posteriormente, escaneadas com 300 dpi e 8 bytes. As imagens digitalizadas foram medidas por meio da ferramenta histograma, do programa Image Tool, versão 3.0 (UTHSCSA, USA). Inicialmente, foram manipuladas através da função automática de alteração de brilho e contraste e em seguida, foram selecionadas para as medições nas regiões ósseas, áreas de 32×32 pixels. Nos degraus da escala, mediram-se áreas de 20×50 pixels. A análise dos resultados, pelo teste estatístico t de Student, mostrou valores semelhantes entre a densidade óssea da região retromolar e o degrau de número 16 da escala de alumínio, e entre a densidade óssea da região intermediária entre molares e pré-molares e o degrau de número 15 da escala (p > 0,05). Concluiu-se que a densidade da escala de alumínio, utilizada neste estudo é semelhante a densidade óssea relativa das regiões avaliadas, podendo ser utilizada como unidade de medida referencial na análise dos níveis de cinza mandibulares.
UNITERMOS: densidade óssea; penetrômetro de alumínio; pixels; radiografia digitalizada.
SUMMARY
The objective of this research was to compare, the mandible relative bone density of the retromolar region and intermediate region between molares and pre-molares, in pixels and aluminum equivalents milimeters. It was used an aluminum stepwedge to measure the gray levels in these regions, which was formed by 16 degrees with 0,3 mm between each ones. They were used 5 human dried mandibles, which were technicaly radiographied in those regions, with Ultraspeed film, 0,5 seconds of exposition time and focal distance of 25 cm. These radiographics were processed by the time and temperature method, and later digitalized with 300 dpi and 8 bytes. The digital images were measured by the histogram resource of the Image Tool software, version 3.0 (UTHSCSA,USA). First of all, the images were manipuleted by the automatic function of changing in the bright and contrast and then, they were selected for the measure in bone regions with 32×32 pixels. In degrees scale they were measure areas of 20×50 pixels. The results, using the statistic test t the Student, showed similar values between the retromolar bone region density and the degree of number 16 of the aluminum’s scale, and the intermediate bone region density between molares and premolares and the degree of number 15 of the scale (p > 0,05). It was possible to conclued that the density of aluminum’s scale, which was used in this research is similar to the relative bone density of avaiable regions. It can be used as unit of referencial measure in the analisys of the mandibular gray levels.
UNITERMS: bone density; aluminum stepwedge; pixels; digital radiograph.
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