Epidemiologia das fraturas zigomáticas: uma análise de 10 anos
Abstract
Devido a sua localização e projeção no complexo maxilofacial, o osso zigomático apresenta elevado índice de fratura comparando-o às demais fraturas dos ossos da face. Estudos epidemiológicos sempre são de grande importância para o cirurgião BucoMaxiloFacial, pois fornecem dados pelos quais se pode traçar o perfil das fraturas faciais e analisar a efetividade dos métodos de tratamento empregados. No presente trabalho foi realizado um levantamento epidemiológico retrospectivo de 10 anos dos pacientes atendidos no Hospital Infantil Maria Lucinda que apresentavam fratura do complexo zigomático. A amostra foi composta por 153 pacientes portadores de fratura do complexo zigomático, onde foram analisados comparativamente os indicadores gênero, faixa etária, etiologia do trauma e localização topográfica da fratura. Os resultados obtidos mostraram o gênero masculino como o mais acometido (83,6%), a faixa etária de 21 a 40 anos (71,2%) mais freqüente, tendo como causa principal a queda da própria altura (39,9%) e o osso zigomático esquerdo como a localização mais afetada (49,7%).
UNITERMOS: fraturas de zigomático; trauma facial; terço médio da face; epidemiologia.
SUMMARY
Due its location and maxillofacial salience, the zygomatic bone represents a high fracture rate, if compared to the other facial bones. Epidemiological studies are always very valuable to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon, to supply some data that can delineate these fractures’ profile and analyze the effectiveness of the treatment methods. On the present study, a 10-year-epidemiological-retrospective-research was made in patients attended at Maria Lucinda Child Hospital, which had zygomatic bone fracture. The sample had 153 patients with zygomatic complex fracture, and it was analyzed the markers gender, age, trauma aetiology, and fractures topographic site. The results obtained showed the male gender as the most prevalent (83.6%), the age of 21 to 40 years most frequent, the fall (39.9%) and the left zygomatic bone as the site most affected (49.7%).
UNITERMS: zygomatic fractures; facial trauma; midface; epidemiology.
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