Epidemiological study of lesions of the maxillofacial complex diagnosed by UNIME histopathology laboratory, Lauro de Freitas, Bahia

Autores

  • Andressa Chang Rodrigues Fernandes da Silva Dentistry undergraduate student in União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura - UNIME
  • Juliana Andrade Cardoso Professor of Clinical and Surgical Propaedeutics of União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura - UNIME
  • Manoela Carrera Martinez Cavalcante Pereira Assistant Professor in Pathology at Universidade do Estado da Bahia – Uneb
  • Isabela Bandeira Dentistry undergraduate student in União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura - UNIME

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2018.1.29647

Palavras-chave:

epidemiology, oral pathology, biopsy.

Resumo

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological studies have great importance for oral health as they show the prevalence of various diseases in their respective environments, in addition to being able to characterize a given population. The objective of this work is to identify the prevalence of oral lesions in dental clinics of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Health of the Metropolitan Union of Education and Culture (UNIME – Lauro de Freitas) in order to characterize the epidemiological profile of this population.
METHODS: The sample was composed by 434 histopathological reports of oral lesions diagnosed from 2003 to 2014, correlating them with the following variables: sex, age, type of biopsy (incisional/excisional), histopathologic diagnosis, clinical suspicion and anatomical location.
REULTS: The epidemiological profile of patients affected by oral diseases had high percentage of females (62.9%), with mean age of 39 years, and the most prevalent type of biopsy was the excisional (72.81%). The data showed non-neoplastic proliferative processes as the most prevalent group of lesions (24.2%), followed by odontogenic cysts (17.5%). Lesions were most often presented in the mandible (19.6%), followed by periapex (18.89%), gum (11.75%) and jugal mucosa (9.45%).
CONCLUSION: The non-neoplastic proliferative processes can be prevented with simple measures of oral health.

 

*** Estudo epidemiológico das lesões do complexo bucomaxilofacial diagnosticadas no laboratório histopatológico da UNIME, Lauro de Freitas, Bahia ***

INTRODUÇÃO: Os estudos epidemiológicos têm grande importância para a saúde bucal pois revelam a prevalência de diversas doenças no ambiente onde estão sendo executados, além de serem capazes de caracterizar uma determinada população. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar a prevalência das lesões bucais nas clínicas odontológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e da Saúde da União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura (UNIME – Lauro de Freitas) com o intuito de caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dessa população.
METODOLOGIA: A amostra foi constituída por 434 laudos histopatológicos de lesões bucais diagnosticadas no período de 2003 a 2014, correlacionando-as com as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, tipo de biópsia (incisional/excisional), diagnóstico histopatológico, suspeita clínica e localização anatômica.
RESULTADOS: O perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes acometidos por patologias bucais obteve grande percentual em indivíduos do sexo feminino (62,9%), com média de idade de 39 anos e o tipo de biópsia mais prevalente foi a excisional (72,81%). Os dados evidenciaram os processos proliferativos não neoplásicos como o grupo de lesões mais prevalente (24,2%), seguido dos cistos odontogênicos (17,5%). As lesões se apresentaram mais frequentemente na mandíbula (19,6%), seguida de periápice (18,89%), gengiva (11,75%) e mucosa jugal (9,45%).
CONCLUSÃO: Os processos proliferativos não neoplásicos podem ser prevenidos com medidas simples de saúde bucal.

Palavras-chave: epidemiologia; patologia bucal; biópsia.

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Publicado

2018-12-30

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