Análise da presença do canal cavo-inter-radicular em molares: estudo <i>in vitro</i>
Abstract
Evidências significativas sugerem a inter-relação existente entre a região de furca de dentes multirradiculados com o desenvolvimento de lesões endo-periodontais, principalmente, quando da presença do canal cavo-inter-radicular. Com o objetivo de compreender os mecanismos envolvidos na etiopatogenia de tais doenças periodontais, assim como propiciar o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces, buscou-se melhor caracterizar essa região dando ênfase à morfologia do assoalho da câmara pulpar. Para este estudo foram selecionados 42 molares humanos extraídos, sendo 21 superiores e 21 inferiores. Após realizadas as aberturas coronárias e localizadas as entradas dos canais radiculares, os dentes tiveram parte das porções coronária e radicular cortada perpendicularmente ao longo do seu eixo, com o auxílio de disco de carburundum. Depois de uma criteriosa limpeza dos espécimes, esses foram secos em câmara de ponto crítico, sendo, a seguir, preparados para análise em microscópio eletrônico de varredura (Philips®, modelo XL30, Holanda). Os dados foram analisados através do Teste U de Mann- Whitney e do teste Qui-quadrado. Com base nos resultados obtidos e de acordo com a literatura pertinente, pôde-se verificar que: 1. o diâmetro e o número de túbulos dentinários encontrados por mm2 assim como a presença de foraminas no assoalho da câmara pulpar sugerem a permeabilidade dessa região; 2. o diâmetro maior de algumas foraminas identifica a presença do canal cavo-inter-radicular.
UNITERMOS: câmara pulpar; microscopia eletrônica de varredura; permeabilidade.
SUMMARY
Mounting evidence has suggested a relationship between the existing furcation region in multirradicular teeth and the development of endoperiodontal lesions. This effect is particulary pronounced when accessory foramina are present. In order to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the etiopathogeny of periodontal disease, as well as facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, an attempt was made to characterize this region with special attention to the morphology of the pulp chamber floor. Forty-two extracted human molars (21 maxillary and 21 mandibular molars) were used in this study. After the crows had been resected and the root canals openings identified, part of the coronal and radicular sections of the teeth were split longitudinally their axes with carborundum disc. After meticulous cleansing, the teeth were dried in a critical point dry chamber and then prepared for analysis in a Philips® XL-30, Holland, SEM. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis by Mann-Whitney Test and Qui-square Test. The results obtained and a revision of literature shows that: 1.the number and diameter of dentinal tubules per mm2 found, as well as the presence of foramina on the pulp chamber floor are indicators of permeability in this region; 2. the wider diameter of some foramina indicate the presence of accessory foramina.
UNITERMS: permeability; pulp chamber; scanning electronic microscopy.
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