Considerations for clinical management of molar-incisor hypomineralization: A literature review

Abstract

Clinically seen as demarcated opacities in permanent first molars and incisors, Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a clinical challenge to dental professionals. Histologically, these opacities are shown to be porous, making the affected tooth enamel less resistant to the mechanical forces of mastication. Consequently, children with this enamel defect may require more frequent and often more complex restorative treatments, which increases their anxiety before treatment begins. Furthermore, when present in incisors, these defects may damage children’s psychological and social development. Based on a literature review, this article discusses the developmental defects of enamel (DDE), with emphasis on MIH. The purpose is to provide professionals with a theoretical and conceptual basis that will enable them to provide more appropriate care that takes into consideration not only the clinical needs of affected children, but their psychological and social needs as well. The management of teeth with MIH may involve stages ranging from early diagnosis through to tooth extraction and orthodontic follow-up in more severe cases. Children with this defect, and their families, should receive special care and guidance about the necessary oral care and prognosis of each case. Therefore, in addition to technical knowledge, it is necessary for the professional to be prepared to deal with the psychological and social needs of each child, to provide a more satisfactory quality of dental care.