Avaliação do emprego de ferramentas digitais na detecção radiográfica de lesão periapical artificialmente produzida, em radiografias obtidas de filmes de diferentes sensibilidades
Abstract
O diagnóstico radiográfico de lesões periapicais nem sempre é fácil. Com o advento das imagens digitalizadas algumas tarefas de diagnóstico foram aprimoradas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a acurácia de radiografias convencionais e imagens digitalizadas, oriundas de filmes de sensibilidades diferentes (Insight (Kodak), Ultra-speed (Kodak) e M2 Comfort (Agfa)), na detecção de lesões periapicais artificialmente produzidas. Radiografias periapicais foram obtidas de forma padronizada antes e após a confecção de um defeito ósseo periapical em mandíbulas humanas secas. As radiografias foram digitalizadas (1200 dpi e 8 bits) e salvas no formato bmp. Um avaliador procedeu à interpretação das imagens, sendo que as radiografias convencionais foram examinadas no negatoscópio e as imagens digitalizadas no vídeo. No vídeo duas diferentes análises foram realizadas: a primeira havendo a possibilidade de aplicar a ferramenta “ampliação da imagem”, e a segunda, na qual poder-se-ia utilizar o recurso de “alteração de brilho e contraste” e “inversão da imagem”. Após os resultados, foram plotadas curvas ROC, para cada modalidade de imagem e para cada sensibilidade de filme. Concluiu-se que: o filme Ultra-speed foi aquele que ofereceu a maior taxa de acerto, seguido pelo filme M2 Comfort e que a avaliação no vídeo foi sempre superior à avaliação das radiografias convencionais no negatoscópio.
UNITERMOS: intensificação da imagem radiográfica; filme para Raios X; radiografia dentária digital; tecido periapical.
SUMMARY
Sometimes, the radiographic diagnosis of periapical lesions is a difficult procedure. The digitalized image improved this task. The aim of this work was to evaluate the accuracy of conventional radiographs and digitalized images, originated from films with different sensibilities (Insight, Ultra-speed and M2 Comfort), in the detection of periapical bone lesions artificially produced. Periapical radiographs were obtained in a standard fashion before and after making a periapical bone defect in dry human mandibles. The radiographs were digitalized (1200 dpi and 8 bits) and saved in bmp format. An observer made the interpretation of the images, the conventional radiographs being examined on the lightbox and the digitalized images at the video. Two different analysis were made at the video: the first one with the possibility of applying the tool “magnification of image” and, the second, with the possibility of using “brightness and contrast adjustment” and “gray scale inversion”. After the results, curves ROC were plotted, for each modality of image and each sensibility of film. It was concluded that: the Ultra-speed film showed the best performance, followed by the M2 Comfort film; and the evaluation at the video was always superior to the evaluation of the radiographs on the lightbox.
UNITERMS: radiographic image enhancement; X-Ray film; radiography, dental, digital; periapical tissue.
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