Avaliação clínica e sistêmica em pacientes que procuram tratamento periodontal
Abstract
Com o objetivo de estabelecer as condições clínicas e sistêmicas de pacientes portadores de doença periodontal atendidos na Escola de Aperfeiçoamento Profissional da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia Secção Pernambuco (EAP-ABO/PE) nos anos de 2000-2001, foram levantados 249 prontuários dos quais, 65 foram desconsiderados por falta de preenchimento. Os dados de interesse foram anotados em ficha específica e trabalhados no programa SPSS versão 10.0. Para análise estatística foram adotadas distribuições de freqüência, medidas de tendência central e teste do qui-quadrado (χ2). Dos 184 prontuários válidos, 61,4% eram de pacientes do sexo feminino. A idade média foi de 39,9 anos, o número médio de dentes presentes foi de 25,4 e o de dentes ausentes, foi de 6,7/pessoa. O χ2 mostrou significância entre idade e número de dentes presentes (P < 0,001). A gengivite foi a alteração periodontal mais freqüente e o diagnóstico de periodontite de progressão lenta prevaleceu em 38,6% das fichas analisadas. Envolvimento de furca grau III, mobilidade grau III e profundidade de sulco ≥ 8 mm foi observada em, respectivamente, 1,1%, 1,8% e 3,8% dos dentes. Alterações sistêmicas das mais diversas (úlcera, artrite, febre reumática, lúpus etc.) atingiram 50% dos pacientes, 18,4% dos pacientes eram hipertensos. Não foi observada significância entre idade e diagnóstico periodontal (P = 0,672) e idade e condições sistêmicas (P = 0,586). O χ2 comprovou existir significância estatística entre condição sistêmica e diagnóstico periodontal (P < 0,001) sendo, portanto, sugestivo de que a condição sistêmica interfere no estado periodontal.
UNITERMOS: exame periodontal; condições sistêmicas; terapia periodontal.
SUMMARY
For the purpose of establishing the clinical and systemic conditions of patients with periodontal disease treated at EAP-ABO/PE (School of Professional Training of the Brazilian Dental Association, Pernambuco Section) in the years 2000 and 2001, 249 record cards were examined, 65 of which were disregarded because they lacked the necessary data. The data of interest was copied onto a specific file and processed by the SPSS Version 10.0. For the statistical analysis frequency distributions, measures of central tendency and chi-square test (χ2) were adopted. Out of 184 valid record cards, 61.4% were of females. The mean age was 39.9 years, the mean number of teeth present was 25.4 and that of missing teeth 6.7/person. The χ2 was shown to be significant between age and number of teeth present (P < 0.001). Gingivitis was the most common gingival disease and the diagnosis of periodontitis of slow progression prevailed in 38.6% of the record cards analyzed. Involvement of the furca, type III, degree of mobility III and depth of the sulcus = 8 mm was observed in 1.1%, 1.8% and 3.8% respectively of the teeth. Extremely diverse systemic diseases (ulcer, arthritis, rheumatic fever, lupus erythematosus, etc.) affected 50% of the patients. Eighteen point four percent of the patients were hypertensives. No significance was observed between age and periodontal disease (P = 0.672) or between age and systemic disease (P = 0.586). The χ2 revealed the existence of a significant statistical difference between the systemic disease and periodontal disease (P < 0.001), which is thus suggestive of the influence of the systemic condition on periodontal status.
UNITERMS: periodontal exam; systemic conditions; periodontal therapy.
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