Efeito erosivo <i>in vitro</i> de um vinho tinto brasileiro sobre o esmalte bovino observado em microscopia eletrônica de varredura
Abstract
O termo clínico erosão dental é usado para descrever os efeitos físicos de uma perda localizada, crônica e patológica de tecido mineral dentário que é removido quimicamente da superfície dentária por meio de ácido ou substâncias quelantes, sem envolvimento bacteriano. Estudos apontam diversos tipos de vinho como agentes causadores de erosão dentária. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o efeito erosivo de um vinho tinto brasileiro sobre o esmalte bovino previamente imerso em saliva humana e água. Foram obtidos 20 blocos de esmalte bovino (3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm). A metade da superfície de cada bloco foi coberta com esmalte de unhas.10 blocos foram imersos em água e 10 em saliva humana por 12 horas. Após esse período, as peças foram imersas em vinho por 1 hora, submetidas ao ultra-som com acetona, lavados e secos. As peças foram analisadas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Em todos os blocos analisados foi possível observar erosão na superfície do esmalte. Em 2 blocos essa erosão foi leve, caracterizando-se como um alargamento das ranhuras fisiológicas do esmalte. No restante dos blocos ocorreu erosão severa, sendo possível observar o aspecto de favos de mel dos prismas de esmalte. O efeito erosivo no grupo de blocos imerso em saliva e em água foi similar. Concluiu-se que o vinho utilizado nesta experiência produziu erosão significativa na superfície do esmalte, in vitro. A imersão em saliva, precedente à exposição ao vinho, não pôde proteger o esmalte bovino contra a desmineralização, neste modelo experimental.
UNITERMOS: erosão do dente; esmalte dentário; microscopia eletrônica de varredura; saliva; vinho.
SUMMARY
The clinical term dental erosion is used to describe the physical effect of a located, chronic and pathological loss of mineral dental tissue that is removed of the surface of the tooth by acids or quelantes substances, without bacterial involvement. Studies point some types of wine as agents of dental erosion. The objective of this work was to describe the erosive effect of a Brazilian red wine on bovine enamel previously immersed in human saliva and water. 20 bovine enamel blocks was obtained (3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm). The half of the surface of each block was covered with enamel of nails. 10 blocks was immersed in water and 10 in human saliva for 12 hours. After this period, the blocks were immersed in the wine during 1 hour, submitted to the ultrasound with acetone, washed and dry. The blocks were analyzed in scanning electron microscopy. In all of the 20 analyzed blocks were possible to observe erosion in the surface of the enamel. In 2 blocks this erosion was light. In 18 blocks severe erosion was occurred, therefore it was possible to recognize the aspect of honeycombs of the enamel prisms. The erosive effect in the blocks those was immersed in saliva and water was similar. In was concluded that the wine used in this experiment produced significant erosion in the surface of the enamel, “in vitro”. The immersion in saliva, precedent to the exposition to the wine, could not protect the bovine enamel against the erosion, in this experimental model.
UNITERMS: dental erosion; enamel; scanning electron microscopy; saliva; wine.
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