Avaliação da prevalência da polineuromiopatia do doente crítico em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-652X.2019.1.32043

Palavras-chave:

polineuropatia, desmame do respirador, cuidados intensivos, ventilação mecânica invasiva.

Resumo

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da polineuromiopatia do doente crítico (PNMDC), através da mensuração de força muscular, correlacionando com o tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM), desmame e período de internação em unidade de terapia intensiva.

Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal prospectivo, onde participaram do estudo homens e mulheres maiores de 18 anos. Foram realizadas avaliações por pesquisadores treinados, durante a pausa da sedação e com paciente apto para desmame. A força muscular periférica foi avaliada através da escala MRC (Medical Research Council), e a força de preensão palmar através de DPP (dinamometria de preensão palmar) da mão dominante. As variáveis quantitativas foram descritas por média e desvio padrão; as categóricas, por frequências absolutas e relativas. Para verificar as correlações entre os dados foi realizado o teste de correlação de Spearman, com nível de significância estatística de 5%.

Resultados: Amostra de 39 pacientes com predomínio do sexo masculino (n=21; 53,8%), média de idade de 63,67±17,61. Observou-se um total de 66,7% (n=26) pacientes que preenchiam algum critério para diagnóstico de polineuromiopatia. A prevalência de PNMDC, diagnosticada pela tabela do MRC foi observada em 23 pacientes (59%), enquanto que utilizando a DPP, em 10 indivíduos (25,6%). Quando associadas, as avaliações diagnósticas detectaram 7 polineuropatas (17,9%). Não foram observadas correlações entre diagnóstico de PNMDC, com o tempo de VM, de UTI ou de desmame.

Conclusão: As ferramentas utilizadas para diagnóstico de PNMDC, de forma isolada ou associadas, identificaram a prevalência de pacientes fracos. Não foram identificadas correlações entre tal fraqueza e tempo maior em VM, tempo de desmame e permanência prolongada na UTI.

Biografia do Autor

Clarissa Blattner, PUCRS

Doutora em Ciências Cardiovasculares - Cardiologia UFRGS

Professora Curso de Fisioterapia PUCRS

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2019-03-01

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