Language and lifeworld: Schutz and Habermas on idealization

Autores

  • Jan Strassheim Faculty of Letters, Keio University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2017.3.27866

Palavras-chave:

Teorias da comunicação. Tipificação. Regras linguísticas. Fenomenologia do mundo-da-vida. John Searle.

Resumo

***Linguagem e mundo-da-vida: Schutz e Habermas sobre idealização***

Jürgen Habermas criticou Alfred Schutz de maneira seminal. Este artigo traça tal divergência até a diferença na conceitualização de idealização. A teoria social de Schutz é baseada em “tipos” enquanto idealizações com uma dinâmica inerente, enquanto a teoria social de Habermas é baseada em “regras” idealmente estáveis. Primeiramente, um modelo de regra de comunicação linguística é avaliado de acordo com análises da linguística, da filosofia e da sociologia da linguagem. É constatado que um modelo falha em alcançar seu objetivo teórico de explicar a comunicação linguística. Regras de linguagem hipotéticas, portanto, não explicariam nossa compreensão intuitiva de conteúdos proposicionais mínimos expressos em enunciados. As regras seriam tanto insuficientes quanto incertas em todas as instâncias do uso da linguagem. Neste contexto, a relação entre linguagem e “mundo-da-vida” é reavaliada. Um mundo-da-vida não pode ser constituído sobre um modelo de linguagem, nem mesmo suplementar tal modelo a fim de preservá-lo. Diferentemente de um modelo, Schutz reivindica que linguagem e mundo-da-vida estão interconectados e estruturados em “tipos” que podem acomodar a flexibilidade e a precisão da comunicação linguística. Embora seja necessário o aprofundamento da pesquisa, as conclusões apontam que a fenomenologia tem sido indevidamente negligenciada pela filosofia social, e deveria receber maior atenção, assim como tem recebido na sociologia.

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Biografia do Autor

Jan Strassheim, Faculty of Letters, Keio University

PhD. in Philosophy at the Free University of Berlin (Germany). Guest researcher and lecturer at the Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

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Publicado

2017-12-15

Como Citar

Strassheim, J. (2017). Language and lifeworld: Schutz and Habermas on idealization. Civitas: Revista De Ciências Sociais, 17(3), 411–434. https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2017.3.27866

Edição

Seção

Sociologia e Fenomenologia